Choline chloride-based deep eutectic solvents for efficient delignification of Bambusa bambos in bio-refinery applicatio
- PDF / 3,569,428 Bytes
- 13 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 96 Downloads / 323 Views
ORIGINAL PAPER
Choline chloride‑based deep eutectic solvents for efficient delignification of Bambusa bambos in bio‑refinery applications Remi Ramesh1 · Arya Nair1 · Aakash Jayavel1 · Kiruthika Sathiasivan1 · Mathur Rajesh1 · Shri Ramaswamy2 · Krishnamurthi Tamilarasan1 Received: 2 May 2020 / Accepted: 18 June 2020 © Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences 2020
Abstract The use of choline chloride–oxalic acid (CO) and choline chloride–urea (CU) green solvents as mediator for delignification of Bambusa bambos stem (BS) has been studied. The optimal delignification of BS obtained at 120 °C and 4 h of DESs (deep eutectic solvents) treatment process. The morphological structure of raw BS and treated BS was analyzed by SEM, XRD, and FTIR. The results showed that the crystallinity index increased from 43.8 in raw BS, to 44.3%, and CUT-BS and 46.4 in COT-BS. The surface elemental composition of BS was estimated by photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The carbon and oxygen elemental contents in the biomass surface were determined by XPS survey, C1s, and O1s spectra. The delignification using CO system (25.4%) more easily digested the BS biomass compared to CU system (19.4%). The use of acid DES can be an effective pretreatment process compared to basic treatment processes for biomass fractionation in bio-refinery applications. Keywords Green solvent · Delignification · Crystallinity index · Elemental composition
Introduction Lignocellulosic biomass degradation has received more attention in the recent past of as a renewable resource for biofuel and fine chemical synthesis (Procentese et al. 2017; Hou et al. 2018). The most abundant lignocellulosic materials include forestry waste, agricultural residues (such as corn cob, corn stover, and rice straw), sawdust, and other non-wood plant materials (such as grasses). Some of the advantages of utilizing agro waste biomass are their availability, potential economic viability, and environmental sustainability (Kan et al. 2016; De et al. 2020). Among the above-mentioned lignocellulose sources, bamboo has high yield and high growth rate, and it is a low-cost feedstock for bio-molecule production (Peng and She 2014; Parisutham et al. 2014; Jagannathan et al. 2017). Lignocelluloses consist around 25–35% of aromatic lignin polymer and effective * Krishnamurthi Tamilarasan [email protected] 1
Department of Chemical Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamilnadu 603203, India
Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 5512, USA
2
utilization of lignin is of interest for commercialization (Azadi et al. 2013). Therefore, an efficient separation of lignin from lignocellulose material is a crucial and highly challenging process in bio-refinery applications including pulp and paper manufacturing (Hamzeh et al. 2013). Lignin, a highly branched polyphenolic macromolecule of complex structure, is an integral part of the plant cell wall. Lignin has high stability and poor solubility in aqueous media.
Data Loading...
