Chronic intermittent hypobaric hypoxia improves markers of iron metabolism in a model of dietary-induced obesity
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RESEARCH
Open Access
Chronic intermittent hypobaric hypoxia improves markers of iron metabolism in a model of dietary-induced obesity Fang Cui1,2†, Jing Guo1†, Hao-Fei Hu1, Yi Zhang3 and Min Shi1*
Abstract Background: Obesity, a risk factor for many chronic diseases, is a potential independent risk factor for iron deficiency. Evidence has shown that chronic intermittent hypobaric hypoxia (CIHH) has protective or improved effects on cardiovascular, nervous, metabolic and immune systems. We hypothesized that CIHH may ameliorate the abnormal iron metabolism in obesity. This study was aimed to investigate the effect and the underlying mechanisms of CIHH on iron metabolism in high-fat-high-fructose-induced obese rats. Methods: Six to seven weeks old male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed with different diet for 16 weeks, and according to body weight divided into four groups: control (CON), CIHH (28-day, 6-h daily hypobaric hypoxia treatment simulating an altitude of 5000 m), dietary-induced obesity (DIO; induced by high fat diet and 10% fructose water feeding), and DIO + CIHH groups. The body weight, systolic arterial pressure (SAP), Lee index, fat coefficient, blood lipids, blood routine, iron metabolism parameters, interleukin6 (IL-6) and erythropoietin (Epo) were measured. The morphological changes of the liver, kidney and spleen were examined. Additionally, hepcidin mRNA expression in liver was analyzed. Results: The DIO rats displayed obesity, increased SAP, lipids metabolism disorders, damaged morphology of liver, kidney and spleen, disturbed iron metabolism, increased IL-6 level and hepcidin mRNA expression, and decreased Epo compared to CON rats. But all the aforementioned abnormalities in DIO rats were improved in DIO + CIHH rats. Conclusions: CIHH improves iron metabolism disorder in obese rats possibly through the down-regulation of hepcidin by decreasing IL-6 and increasing Epo. Keywords: Chronic intermittent hypobaric hypoxia, Obesity, Iron metabolism, Hepcidin, Erythropoietin
Background At present, the incidence of obesity is gradually increasing. Obesity is a risk factor for many chronic diseases, such as hypertension, diabetes, chronic kidney disease and many types of cancer. In recent years, it has been reported that obesity is associated with abnormal iron metabolism [1], and obese people are more prone to iron * Correspondence: [email protected] † Fang Cui and Jing Guo contributed equally to this work. 1 Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, PR China Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
deficiency (ID) and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) than normal people [2–4]. An estimated 800,000 deaths worldwide are attributed to ID. IDA can lead to fatigue, motor dysfunction, hypothermia, mental retardation, and decreased immunity [1], which is a risk factor for heart failure and increasing mortality. Therefore, the prevention and treatment of obesity and the corresponding ID has very important clinical significance.
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