CLE2 regulates light-dependent carbohydrate metabolism in Arabidopsis shoots
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CLE2 regulates light‑dependent carbohydrate metabolism in Arabidopsis shoots Dichao Ma1 · Satoshi Endo1 · Shigeyuki Betsuyaku2,3 · Akie Shimotohno1 · Hiroo Fukuda1 Received: 25 April 2020 / Accepted: 21 August 2020 © Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Key message This study focused on the role of CLE1-CLE7 peptides as environmental mediators and indicated that root-induced CLE2 functions systemically in light-dependent carbohydrate metabolism in shoots. Abstract Plants sense environmental stimuli and convert them into cellular signals, which are transmitted to distinct cells and tissues to induce adequate responses. Plant hormones and small secretory peptides often function as environmental stress mediators. In this study, we investigated whether CLAVATA3/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGION-RELATED proteins, CLE1–CLE7, which share closely related CLE domains, mediate environmental stimuli in Arabidopsis thaliana. Expression analysis of CLE1–CLE7 revealed that these genes respond to different environmental stimuli, such as nitrogen deprivation, nitrogen replenishment, cold, salt, dark, and sugar starvation, in a sophisticated manner. To further investigate the function of CLE2, we generated transgenic Arabidopsis lines expressing the β-glucuronidase gene under the control of the CLE2 promoter or expressing the CLE2 gene under the control of an estradiol-inducible promoter. We also generated cle2-1 and cle2-2 mutants using the CRISPR/Cas9 technology. In these transgenic lines, dark induced the expression of CLE2 in the root vasculature. Additionally, induction of CLE2 in roots induced the expression of various genes not only in roots but also in shoots, and genes related to light-dependent carbohydrate metabolism were particularly induced in shoots. In addition, cle2 mutant plants showed chlorosis when subjected to a shade treatment. These results suggest that root-induced CLE2 functions systemically in light-dependent carbohydrate metabolism in shoots. Keywords Carbohydrate metabolism · CLE peptide · Environmental stimulus · Light · Systemic response
Introduction Dichao Ma and Satoshi Endo have contributed equally to this work. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s11103-020-01059-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Dichao Ma [email protected]‑tokyo.ac.jp * Hiroo Fukuda [email protected]‑tokyo.ac.jp 1
Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7‑3‑1 Hongo, Bunkyo‑ku, Tokyo 113‑0033, Japan
2
Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1‑1‑1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305‑8577, Japan
3
Microbiology Research Center for Sustainability, University of Tsukuba, 1‑1‑1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305‑8572, Japan
Plants have to withstand severe environmental fluctuations. To adapt to various environments, plants have evolved excellent sensing and response systems. Plants perceive environmental cues with a high sensitivity, convert these cues into cellular signal
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