Clinical characteristics of 134 convalescent patients with COVID-19 in Guizhou, China
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RESEARCH
Clinical characteristics of 134 convalescent patients with COVID‑19 in Guizhou, China Siqin Zhang1†, Lin Liu2†, Bin Yang3, Rou Li4, Jianhua Luo1, Jing Huang5, Yanjun Long6, Ying Huang7, Jianping Zhou8, Yan Zha6* and Xiangyan Zhang2*
Abstract Background: Previous studies have focused on the clinical characteristics of hospitalized patients with the novel 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Limited data are available for convalescent patients. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics of discharged COVID-19 patients. Methods: In this retrospective study, we extracted data for 134 convalescent patients with COVID-19 in Guizhou Provincial Staff Hospital from February 15 to March 31, 2020. Cases were analyzed on the basis of demographic, clinical, and laboratory data as well as radiological features. Results: Of 134 convalescent patients with COVID-19, 19 (14.2%) were severe cases, while 115 (85.8%) were nonsevere cases. The median patient age was 33 years (IQR, 21.8 to 46.3), and the cohort included 69 men and 65 women. Compared with non-severe cases, severe patients were older and had more chronic comorbidities, especially hypertension, diabetes, and thyroid disease (P 0.99 0.654
P value Adults N = 48
5 (71.4%)
30 (62.5%)
> 0.99
0
3 (6.3%)
> 0.99
2 (28.6%)
15 (31.3%)
> 0.99
SARS-CoV-2 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2, IgM immunoglobulin M, IgG immunoglobulin G
specific mechanisms, and clinicians should pay more attention to the treatment and protection of COVID-19 patients with comorbidities. In terms of laboratory tests during rehabilitation, 43 (32.1%) patients were found to have a low absolute value of leukocytes. Leukopenia, lymphopenia, and elevated ESR and CRP were more common in recovered patients
with severe COVID-19 than those who had non-severe cases. Similar to our finding, previous studies have shown that lymphopenia and elevated CRP are indicators of poor outcome for COVID-19 patients [22, 23]. The immune system is triggered by viral infections. Lymphocytes, especially T lymphocytes, play a vital role in regulating the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection,
Zhang et al. Respir Res
(2020) 21:314
and this can cause changes in the levels of peripheral blood leukocytes and lymphocytes [24]. Furthermore, compared with the non-severe group, we observed lower levels of albumin and higher levels of LDH and D-dimer in the severe group. Consistent with our study, Shen et al. [22] observed increased D-dimer and LDH levels were correlated with a worse prognosis in COVD-19 patients. High levels of D-dimer indicate a hypercoagulable state, which may cause pulmonary thrombosis [7]. Albumin is an indicator that reflects nutritional status, and decreased albumin levels indicates the body has lower levels of resistance to viral infection [25]. We suggest that patients need more nutritional support to enhance resistance during rehabilitation. In our study, 48 (35.8%) discharged patients had elevated ALT levels. The proportion of liver injury w
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