Clinical Relevance of Serum Selenium Levels and Abdominal Aortic Calcification
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Clinical Relevance of Serum Selenium Levels and Abdominal Aortic Calcification Yu-Yang Lu 1 & Wei-Liang Chen 2,3 Received: 20 June 2020 / Accepted: 21 September 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient with antioxidative properties, but previous studies have shown that extremely high circulating Se concentrations are associated with a higher prevalence of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). To date, it remains unknown whether this association has connections with arterial calcification. A total of 982 participants with both serum Se concentration and abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) score data were enrolled from the 2013–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), a cross-sectional study of a noninstitutionalized population in the USA. Serum Se levels were determined by inductively coupled plasma-dynamic reaction cell-mass spectrometry. AAC was obtained from dualenergy X-ray absorptiometry and quantified by the Kauppila score system. Severe AAC was defined as Kauppila score ≥ 5. Among all participants, the mean serum Se level was 132.89 μg/L. The average AAC score was 1.51, and 11.7% had severe AAC. Compared with those in the lowest quartile of Se (< 121.1 μg/L), the highest quartile subgroup (> 143.1 μg/L) was associated with a higher mean AAC score (β-coefficient 0.88; 95% CI 0.28, 1.47; p = 0.004) and greater odds of having severe AAC (odds ratio 2.19; 95% CI 1.10, 4.36; p = 0.026) after adjusting for demographic, biochemical, and clinical characteristics. The concentrations of other circulating trace elements showed no statistically significant association with the AAC score. High serum Se levels were independently associated with an increased mean AAC score and aggravated AAC severity among noninstitutionalized US adults. Serum Se might adversely affect the cardiovascular system when the serum Se concentration exceeds 143 μg/L. Keywords Cardiovascular disease . Nutrition . Trace elements . Vascular calcification . Selenium . NHANES
Introduction Selenium (Se) is a necessary micronutrient naturally present in foods, such as grains, nuts, muscle meat, seafood, and dairy products. In addition to effects on reproduction, thyroid * Wei-Liang Chen [email protected] Yu-Yang Lu [email protected] 1
Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
2
Division of Family Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
3
Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Number 325, Section 2, Chang-gong Rd, Nei-Hu District, 114 Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
hormone metabolism, and DNA synthesis, Se has properties to support the defense against oxidative stress,
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