Clinical situations for which 3D printing is considered an appropriate representation or extension of data contained in
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RESEARCH
Open Access
Clinical situations for which 3D printing is considered an appropriate representation or extension of data contained in a medical imaging examination: adult cardiac conditions Arafat Ali1* , David H. Ballard2, Waleed Althobaity3, Andy Christensen4, Mariah Geritano5, Michelle Ho6, Peter Liacouras7, Jane Matsumoto8, Jonathan Morris8, Justin Ryan9, Rami Shorti10, Nicole Wake11, Frank J. Rybicki1, and Adnan Sheikh4 on behalf of the RSNA 3D Printing Special Interest Group
Abstract Background: Medical 3D printing as a component of care for adults with cardiovascular diseases has expanded dramatically. A writing group composed of the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) Special Interest Group on 3D Printing (SIG) provides appropriateness criteria for adult cardiac 3D printing indications. Methods: A structured literature search was conducted to identify all relevant articles using 3D printing technology associated with a number of adult cardiac indications, physiologic, and pathologic processes. Each study was vetted by the authors and graded according to published guidelines. Results: Evidence-based appropriateness guidelines are provided for the following areas in adult cardiac care; cardiac fundamentals, perioperative and intraoperative care, coronary disease and ischemic heart disease, complications of myocardial infarction, valve disease, cardiac arrhythmias, cardiac neoplasm, cardiac transplant and mechanical circulatory support, heart failure, preventative cardiology, cardiac and pericardial disease and cardiac trauma. Conclusions: Adoption of common clinical standards regarding appropriate use, information and material management, and quality control are needed to ensure the greatest possible clinical benefit from 3D printing. This consensus guideline document, created by the members of the RSNA 3D printing Special Interest Group, will provide a reference for clinical standards of 3D printing for adult cardiac indications. Keywords: 3D printing, Appropriateness, Guidelines, Quality, Radiology, Additive Manufacturing, Anatomic Model, Adult Cardiology, Left Atrial Appendage, Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
* Correspondence: [email protected] 1 Department of Radiology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA Full list of author information is available at the end of the article © The Author(s). 2020 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation o
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