Co-expression network analysis uncovers key candidate genes related to the regulation of volatile esters accumulation in
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Co‑expression network analysis uncovers key candidate genes related to the regulation of volatile esters accumulation in Woodland strawberry Zekun Li1 · Zhennan Wang1 · Kejing Wang1 · Yue Liu1 · Yanhong Hong1 · Changmei Chen1 · Xiayu Guan1 · Qingxi Chen1 Received: 14 July 2020 / Accepted: 12 September 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Main conclusion FveERF (FvH4_5g04470.1), FveAP2 (FvH4_1g16370.1) and FveWRKY (FvH4_6g42870.1) might be involved in fruit maturation of strawberry. Overexpression of FveERF could activate the expression of AAT gene and ester accumulation. Abstract Volatile esters play an important role in the aroma of strawberry fruits, whose flavor is the result of a complex mixture of various esters. The accumulation of these volatiles is closely tied to changes in metabolism during fruit ripening. Acyltransferase (AAT) is recognized as having a significant effect in ester formation. However, there is little knowledge about the regulation network of AAT. Here, we collected the data of RNA-seq and headspace GC–MS at five time points during fruit maturation of Hawaii4 and Ruegen strawberry varieties. A total of 106 volatile compounds were identified in the fruit of woodland strawberries, including 58 esters, which occupied 41.09% (Hawaii4) or 33.40% (Ruegen) of total volatile concentration. Transcriptome analysis revealed eight transcription factors highly associated with AAT genes. Through the changes in esters and the weight co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), a detailed gene network was established. This demonstrated that ERF gene (FvH4_5g04470.1), AP2 gene (FvH4_1g16370.1) and one WRKY gene (FvH4_6g42870.1) might be involved in expression of AAT genes, especially ERF genes. Overexpression of FveERF (FvH4_5g04470.1) does activate expression of AAT genes and ester accumulation in fruits of strawberry. Our findings provide valuable clues to gain better insight into the ester formation process of numerous fruits. Keywords ERF gene · Fruit · Hawaii4 · Ruegen · Transcription · WGCNA Abbreviations AAT Acyltransferase DEGs Differentially expressed genes NES Nerolidol synthase PINS Pinene synthase
Communicated by Dorothea Bartels. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-020-03462-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Qingxi Chen [email protected] 1
College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
QR Quinone oxidoreductase WGCNA Weight co-expression network analysis
Introduction Volatile esters play several roles in the life cycle of higher plants. They attract pollinators to aid in propagation and contribute to defenses against pathogens and insect pests (D’Auria et al. 2007; Chambers et al. 2013; Pillet et al. 2017). Esters are not only the primary volatile compound in numerous fruits, such as strawberries (Parra-Palma et al. 2019), grapes (Qian et al. 2019), pears (Lu et al. 2012), and
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