Collagen extract obtained from Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus L.) skin accelerates wound healing in rat model via
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Open Access
Collagen extract obtained from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) skin accelerates wound healing in rat model via up regulating VEGF, bFGF, and α-SMA genes expression Zizy I. Elbialy1, Ayman Atiba2, Aml Abdelnaby1, Ibrahim I. Al-Hawary1, Ahmed Elsheshtawy1, Hamed A. El-Serehy3, Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim3,4 , Sabreen E. Fadl5* and Doaa H. Assar6
Abstract Background: Collagen is the most abundant structural protein in the mammalian connective tissue and represents approximately 30% of animal protein. The current study evaluated the potential capacity of collagen extract derived from Nile tilapia skin in improving the cutaneous wound healing in rats and investigated the underlying possible mechanisms. A rat model was used, and the experimental design included a control group (CG) and the tilapia collagen treated group (TCG). Full-thickness wounds were conducted on the back of all the rats under general anesthesia, then the tilapia collagen extract was applied topically on the wound area of TCG. Wound areas of the two experimental groups were measured on days 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 post-wounding. The stages of the wound granulation tissues were detected by histopathologic examination and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and transforming growth factor (TGF-ß1) were investigated using immunohistochemistry. Moreover, relative gene expression analysis of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-ß1), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) were quantified by real-time qPCR. Results: The histopathological assessment showed noticeable signs of skin healing in TCG compared to CG. Immunohistochemistry results revealed remarkable enhancement in the expression levels of VEGF and TGF-β1 in TCG. Furthermore, TCG exhibited marked upregulation in the VEGF, bFGF, and α-SMA genes expression. These findings suggested that the topical application of Nile tilapia collagen extract can promote the cutaneous wound healing process in rats, which could be attributed to its stimulating effect on recruiting and activating macrophages to produce chemotactic growth factors, fibroblast proliferation, and angiogenesis. Conclusions: The collagen extract could, therefore, be a potential biomaterial for cutaneous wound healing therapeutics. Keywords: Tilapia collagen, Wound healing, VEGF, bFGF, TGF-ß, α-SMA, IHC, Histopathology, Gene expression
* Correspondence: [email protected]; [email protected] 5 Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Matrouh University, 51744 Matrouh, Egypt Full list of author information is available at the end of the article © The Author(s). 2020 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images
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