Colloidal Magnetic Fluids Basics, Development and Application of Fer
Research into the fascinating properties and applications of magnetic fluids - also called ferrofluids - is rapidly growing, making it necessary to provide at regular intervals a coherent and tutorial account of the combined theoretical and experimental a
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oto shows a ferrofluid at the pole of an electromagnet; Photo by S. Odenbach”
S. Odenbach (Ed.)
Colloidal Magnetic Fluids Basics, Development and Application of Ferrofluids
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Stefan Odenbach TU Dresden Institut f¨ur Str¨omungsmechanik Lehrstuhl for Magnetofluidynamik 01062 Dresden Germany [email protected]
Odenbach, S. (Ed.), Colloidal Magnetic Fluids: Basics, Development and Application of Ferrofluids, Lect. Notes Phys. 763 (Springer, Berlin Heidelberg 2009), DOI 10.1007/ 978-3-540-85387-9
ISBN: 978-3-540-85386-2
e-ISBN: 978-3-540-85387-9
DOI 10.1007/978-3-540-85387-9 Lecture Notes in Physics ISSN: 0075-8450 Library of Congress Control Number: 2008934486 c Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2009 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Violations are liable to prosecution under the German Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Cover design: eStudio Calamar S.L., F. Steinen-Broo, Pau/Girona, Spain Printed on acid-free paper 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 springer.com
Preface
The fascination of ferrofluids – suspensions of nanosized magnetic particles in appropriate carrier liquids – arises from the fact that their flow and properties can be significantly altered by the influence of moderate magnetic fields. The possibility to exert an externally controllable force to a fluid opens obviously a wide spectrum of possibilities as well in basic fluid dynamics research as for applications in nearly every field adapting fluids. In the past 40 years since the first synthesis of a ferrofluid has been reported the attraction of these fluids and the challenging possibilities to control them by means of magnetic fields generated by normal permanent magnets or simple coil arrangements has driven intense research activities and brought up a number of technical applications. Some of these applications gained importance in every day life and represent a significant commercial value meanwhile. Reviewing the proposed applications one finds that those which have been successful on the market are characterized by two basic traits. First they employ the magnetic field only to exert a force which positions the fluid somewhere inside a certain device. Moreover, and that is the second common aspect of these applications, they are all technical applications mainly in the field of mechanical engineering. In contrast to this clear restriction
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