Commiphora africana (A. Rich.) Engl. Commiphora rostrata Engl. Commiphora schimperi (O. Bern.) Engl. Burseraceae
Commiphora africana (A. Rich.) Engl.: Commiphora cakiicola Engl.; Commiphora pilosa Engl.; Heudelotia africana A. Rich.
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Synonyms Commiphora africana (A. Rich.) Engl.: Commiphora cakiicola Engl.; Commiphora pilosa Engl.; Heudelotia africana A. Rich. Commiphora rostrata Engl.: Commiphora reflexa Chiov.; Commiphora robecchii Engl.; Commiphora rostrata var. reflexa (Chiov.) J. B. Gillett Commiphora schimperi (O. Bern.) Engl.: Commiphora betschuanica Engl.
Local Names Commiphora africana: Kikuyu: Mukungugu; Swahili: Mbambara; Borana: Hames, Amess; Gabbra: Hammeesa; Kamba: Mutungu, Kitungu; Luo: Arupien, Arupiny; Marakwet: Chotwa; Oromo: Komper; Samburu: Icheni-Nzito, Lecheningiro; Somali: Dabba’Un’Un, Hammes sagara; Taita: Mwagari; Turkana: Ekadeli; Swahili: Mbambara, Kkorogo; Rangi: Mpome; Sumbua: Msangacha; Giriama: Tola (Beentje 1994; Gachati 1989; Kokwaro 2009) R. W. Bussmann (*) Department of Ethnobotany, Institute of Botany and Bakuriani Alpine Botanical Garden, Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia Saving Knowledge, La Paz, Bolivia e-mail: [email protected] N. Y. Paniagua-Zambrana Department of Ethnobotany, Institute of Botany and Bakuriani Alpine Botanical Garden, Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia Herbario Nacionál de Bolivia, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, La Paz, Bolivia G. N. Njoroge Department of Botany, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agricultura and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 R. W. Bussmann (ed.), Ethnobotany of the Mountain Regions of Africa, Ethnobotany of Mountain Regions, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-77086-4_48-1
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Commiphora rostrata: Kikuyu: Mukungugu; Borana: Diraa, Tirai; Ilelewa: Choneh; Oromo: Udesi; Somali: Janau, Danu, Danu-Sagar; Turkana: Lokimeta; Tharaka: Mutunkuri (Beentje 1994; Gachati 1989; Kokwaro 2009) Commiphora schimperi: Kikuyu: Mukungugu; Borana: Masakayia; Kamba: Mutungu; Samburu: Lachimi; Somali: Hargoi, Horgoi; Turkana: Ekwangorom (Beentje 1994; Gachati 1989; Kokwaro 2009)
Botany and Ecology Commiphora africana (A. Rich.) Engl.: Shrub or small tree 2–5 m tall, bark smooth, dark green or yellowish, peeling in yellowish strips, young branches densely pubescent or tomentose with short whitish hairs or sometimes yellowish longer hairs, spiny. Leaves 3-foliolate, petiole up to 4.5 cm long, but usually less, pubescent or pilose, terminal leaflet up to 8 5 cm, often smaller, obovate, apex acute or obtuse, base gradually cuneate, lateral leaflets about 1/2–3/4 the size of the terminal one, elliptic to rotund, apex acute or rounded, margins (of all leaflets) coarsely crenate or crenate-serrate, base rounded or broadly cuneate, both surfaces pubescent or occasionally glabrous above. Flowers appearing before the leaves in axillary abbreviated clusters, often borne on the spines, pedicels up to 2 mm long, pubescent or glabrous. Calyx 2 mm long, campanulate, lobed to about 1/3-way, glabrous or pubescent. Petals 3–5 mm long, stamen-filaments subterete, slender above but broadening somewhat near the base. Disk-lobes 4, bifid at the apex. Fruit 1.2 cm in diameter subglobose, pseudaril apparently absent o
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