Comparative toxicity of five dispersants to test organisms at different trophic levels: Platymonas helgolandica , Rudita
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WATER ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION AND STATE OF THE ART TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES
Comparative toxicity of five dispersants to test organisms at different trophic levels: Platymonas helgolandica, Ruditapes philippinarum, and Acinetobacter sp. Tox2 Zhisong Cui 1,2 & Xiao Luan 1 & Dandan Li 3 & Qian Li 1 & Limei Shuai 3 & Li Zheng 1,2 & Chengjun Sun 1 & Gaoge Wang 3 Received: 9 September 2018 / Accepted: 13 February 2019 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2019
Abstract Nowadays, although dispersants have been widely applied for emergency response to oil spills, they are potentially hazardous to the marine ecosystem. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate dispersants’ toxicity in a practical and integrated way before their large-scale application. Here, we compared the acute toxicity of five chemical dispersants (concentrate RS-I, conventional RS-I, HLD-501, Fuken-2, and Weipu) to three species (a microalgae Platymonas helgolandica, a mollusk Ruditapes philippinarum, and a luminescent bacterium Acinetobacter sp. Tox2) which represent different trophic levels. Our results showed that (1) conventional RS-I was slightly toxic to all the three test organisms; (2) concentrate RS-I and Weipu were slightly toxic to R. philippinarum, but were not toxic to the other two test species; (3) Fuken-2 and HLD-501 exhibited no acute toxicity to the three test organisms. Our results could provide information on toxicity data derived from multiple test organisms for the use of these five dispersants in the future. Keywords Dispersant . Toxicity . Platymonas helgolandica . Ruditapes philippinarum . Acinetobacter sp. Tox2
Introduction The total input of oils to the marine environment is about 1.3 million tons per year, and accidental spills from ships account for 12% of that (National Research Council 2003). Since the 1950s, to minimize the damage caused by the accidental marine oil spills, dispersants are usually applied as oil spill Responsible editor: Cinta Porte * Zhisong Cui [email protected] * Gaoge Wang [email protected] 1
Marine Ecology Research Center, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources of China, No. 6 Xianxialing Road, Qingdao 266061, China
2
Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
3
College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, No. 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China
response (OSR) products with the goal of rapidly dispersing spilled oil into the water column. However, this will inevitably pose a significant risk to the marine ecosystem, which harbors a variety of marine organisms (Wu et al. 2012; Kleindienst et al. 2015). So far, dispersants have been identified to effectively counter the effects of oil spill with relatively lower environmental impact than relying on other countermeasures, and are more widely and successfully used in oil spill disposal worldwide (Lessard and DeMarco 2000; Epstein et al. 2000; GoodbodyGringley et al. 2013; Mu et al. 2014). For exampl
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