Comparison of toxicity effects of fuel oil treated by different dispersants on marine medaka ( Oryzias melastigma ) embr
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Comparison of toxicity effects of fuel oil treated by different dispersants on marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma) embryo GAO Xiang1, DING Guanghui1, LI Xishan1, XIONG Deqi1* 1 College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China
Received 21 November 2017; accepted 5 February 2018 © Chinese Society for Oceanography and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2018
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the subacute toxic effects of oil under different treatments on marine organism by simulating natural contaminative processes. In this study, 120# (RMD15) fuel oil was selected as the pollutant and marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma) embryos as the experimental organism. The developmental toxicity of different volume concentrations (0.05%, 0.2%, 1% and 5%) of water-accommodated fractions, biologicallyenhanced water-accommodated fractions, and chemically-enhanced water-accommodated fractions on the embryos in different exposure time (8, 15 and 22 d) were compared and the content of relevant polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) was studied (in dispersion and in vivo). The subacute toxic effects were assessed in terms of antioxidant activities of enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione S-transferase) and the blue sac disease (BSD) indexes.The results showed that the BSD indexes of the treatment groups were significantly higher than the respective control groups and showed positive correlations with both concentration and exposure time. The experiments with three antioxidant enzymes indicated that enzymatic activities of the embryos changed dramatically under the oxidation stress of petroleum hydrocarbons, especially after adding the dispersants. With the increase of petroleum hydrocarbon concentration and exposure time, the three enzymes showed different degrees of induction and inhibition effects. Key words: marine medaka, petroleum hydrocarbon, oil dispersant, antioxidant enzymes, 120# fuel oil Citation: Gao Xiang, Ding Guanghui, Li Xishan, Xiong Deqi. 2018. Comparison of toxicity effects of fuel oil treated by different dispersants on marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma) embryo. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 37(11): 123–132, doi: 10.1007/s13131-018-1255-8
1 Introduction In recent years, activities such as petroleum exploration, production, transportation and oil spill accidents have significantly impacted floral and faunal communities, resulting in significant deterioration of coastal and wetland ecosystems (Ko and Day, 2004). Petroleum hydrocarbons can be enriched in marine organisms through food chains to cause sustaining negative impacts on human health ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Lee et al., 2010; Pérez-Cadahía et al., 2007). To quickly reduce the impacts of oil spillage in coastal areas, a large number of oil dispersants have been used. Therefore, it is necessary to study the effects of the combined toxicity of oil and the dispersants on marine organisms. Currently, oil dispersants mainly consist of chemical and biological dispersants. Chemical dispe
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