Comparative transcriptome analysis of hypopharyngeal glands from nurse and forager bees of Apis mellifera with the same
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Original Article
Comparative transcriptome analysis of hypopharyngeal glands from nurse and forager bees of Apis mellifera with the same age Hongyi NIE1,2 , Yan GAO1 , Yanan ZHU1 , Liqiang LIANG1 , Yan LIN1 , Qiufang LI1 , Zhenghanqing LI1 , Donglin YANG3 , Zhiguo LI1 , Songkun SU1 1
College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China 2 Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China 3 Chongqing Key Laboratory of Kinase Modulators as Innovative Medicine, IATTI, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China Received 7 January 2020 – Revised 14 July 2020 – Accepted 11 August 2020
Abstract – The hypoharyngeal glands (HGs) are the major organ for synthesizing and secreting royal jelly (RJ) in nurse honeybees. To eliminate the influence of age, we explored the molecular basis of RJ production by determining the morphology and protein content, and comprehensively comparing the transcriptome of HGs of age-matched nurses and foragers obtained from an established colony. Acinus area and total protein content of HGs in nurses were significantly increased compared with aged-matched foragers. RNA-seq analysis showed that 510 up-regulated genes in HGs of nurses, mainly enriched on translation, transcription, DNA replication, and energy metabolism, were associated with synthesis and secretion of RJ, suggesting that HGs of nurses might employ diverse strategies to drive RJ synthesis. Particularly, MRJP1 , MRJP4 , and MRJP5 , the primary components of fresh RJ, were extremely higher in HGs of nurses than those in the corresponding age foragers. This study will provide considerable insight into the strategies employed by nurses for RJ secretion. hypopharyngeal glands / RNA-Seq / nurses / translation / RJ secretion / MRJPs
1. INTRODUCTION Royal jelly (RJ) is the food for all young larvae in the first 3 days after hatching, and is also the exclusive food for the queen throughout her lifetime (Winston 1987), playing a vital role in larval development. It has been proved to possess a wide Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s13592-020-00804-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Corresponding author: S. Su, [email protected] Hongyi Nie and Yan Gao contributed equally to this work. Handling editor: Klaus Hartfelder
range of pharmacological effects, including antimicrobial, antitumor, and anti-inflammatory activities (Nikokar and Shirzad 2014; Arzi et al. 2015). As RJ is helpful for human health, it has been widely used as supplementary food and medicine. To meet the increasingly demand for RJ, Chinese scientists and beekeepers have selected and bred high-RJproducing strains of bees generating as much as ten times larger amounts of RJ than normal Italian bees for nearly four decades (Altaye et al. 2019). The hypoharyngeal glands (HGs) are the major organ for the synthesis and secretion of RJ in
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