Comparison of trends in apparent and air temperature for climate change assessment
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Comparison of trends in apparent and air temperature for climate change assessment C. Sivapragasam1 · N. Natarajan2 Received: 12 July 2020 / Accepted: 30 September 2020 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Atmospheric or air temperature trend is generally adopted to understand the climate change of a locations/site but this parameter does not provide the actual feel-like experience. Apparent temperature on the other hand, which is based on wind speed, humidity and air temperature, provides a more precise information about the weather condition at a location which is very important for studies involving combination of these parameters. In this study, the annual and seasonal trends of air temperature have been compared with apparent temperature. The non-parameteric Mann–Kendall test and Sen’s slope estimator techniques were deployed to perform the analysis. It is observed that the trend of apparent temperature is same as that of the air temperature only during winter and summer seasons. During the monsoon and post-monsoon season, apart from Chennai station, other stations’ trend behavior is same for apparent and air temperature. Annually, all the stations show an escalating trend in apparent temperature compared to air temperature where only Chennai, Madurai and Nagercoil showed an escalating trend. Since the apparent temperature is dependent on vapour pressure and wind speed, trend analysis has been carried out for these parameters also. For air temperature, stations Madurai and Nagercoil stations show significantly escalating trend, while Chennai shows an insignificantly escalating trend annually. During post-monsoon, all the stations show an escalating trend for air temperature. In case of relative humidity, none of the stations show any trend either in the winter season or annually. Similarly, no trend was observed for all the seasons as far as pressure is concerned at any of the stations. Only Ooty station shows a declining trend in wind speed annually; and during the monsoon Chennai has a significantly declining trend, while Ooty has an insignificantly declining trend. Keywords Trend analysis · Mann–Kendall · Sen’s slope estimator · Meteorological parameters · Apparent temperature
Introduction Climate change phenomenon is being widely studied as its impacts are increasingly witnessed all over the world. The consequences of global warming include rising sea levels, hotter temperatures, frequent occurrence of extreme weather conditions such as cyclones, droughts, hurricanes, heat * N. Natarajan [email protected] C. Sivapragasam [email protected] 1
Department of Civil Engineering, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Anand Nagar, Krishnankoil, Tamil Nadu 626126, India
Department of Civil Engineering, Dr.Mahalingam College of Engineering and Technology, Pollachi, Tamil Nadu 642003, India
2
waves, tsunami, etc. Even though climate change is taking place on a global level, the effects of the same are perceived differently in various regions (Trajkovic an
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