Comparison of zinc and iron uptake among diverse wheat germplasm at two phosphorus levels
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Comparison of zinc and iron uptake among diverse wheat germplasm at two phosphorus levels D. Zhao1,3 · X. Li1,3 · L. Zhao1,3 · L. Li1,3 · Y. Zhang1,3 · Z. Zhang1,3 · L. Liu1,3 · H. Xu1,3 · W. Zhao1,3 · T. Wu1,3 · K. H. M. Siddique2 Received: 1 May 2020 / Accepted: 5 September 2020 © Akadémiai Kiadó Zrt. 2020
Abstract Sustainable agriculture requires a reduction in the use of phosphate fertilizers, but this may affect root architecture and the uptake of other elements, such as zinc (Zn) and iron (Fe). We compared genotypic differences in root architectural traits and Zn and Fe uptake among 112 wheat genotypes treated with and without phosphorus (P) to screen genotypes for higher Zn and/or Fe concentrations. Larger differences were observed for both shoot Fe and shoot Zn concentrations in the − P treatment than the + P treatment. The − P treatment produced significantly lower SARN, SLRL, and TRL than the + P treatment. Heritability for Fe and Zn concentrations in both roots and shoots ranged from 38.3 to 60.8% in the + P treatment and 34.0–53.7% in the − P treatment. Principal component analysis indicated that PC1 mainly represented root architectural traits and PC2 mainly represented P, Zn, and Fe concentrations in shoots and roots, suggesting that different genetic mechanisms controlled root architectural traits and higher shoot Fe and Zn concentrations. Breeding new genotypes with higher shoot Fe and Zn concentrations has promise due to the high heritability of both shoot Fe concentrations and shoot Zn concentrations. The sizable genotypic differences identified in the − P treatment will enable further improvements in Zn and Fe uptake in wheat grown in reduced P conditions. Keywords Phosphorus · Zinc · Iron · Root · Genotype
Introduction Phosphorus (P) is an essential component of many important compounds such as nucleic acid and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in crop plants; the amount of P uptake could affect crop growth, quality, and yield (Rose et al. 2016). Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s42976-020-00081-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * D. Zhao [email protected] 1
College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Bin Zhou University, Bin’zhou 256600, Shan Dong Province, People’s Republic of China
2
The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
3
Shan Dong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fragile Ecological Belt of Yellow River Delta, Bin’zhou 256600, Shan Dong Province, People’s Republic of China
Traditional agriculture uses large amounts of phosphate fertilizer to increase yields. Due to the growing environmental concerns, an appropriate reduction in the use of phosphate fertilizers would facilitate sustainable agricultural development. Since root traits are associated with water and nutrient uptake (Manschadi et al. 2008), a reduction in P supply would affect the development of root architecture (
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