Comprehensive profiling of the chemical components and potential markers in raw and processed Cistanche tubulosa by comb
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RESEARCH PAPER
Comprehensive profiling of the chemical components and potential markers in raw and processed Cistanche tubulosa by combining ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry and MS/MS-based molecular networking Huibo Lei 1 & Yuhao Zhang 1 & Xianpeng Zu 2 & Ji Ye 2 & Yanlin Liang 3 & Taofang Cheng 4 & Weidong Zhang 1,2,4 Received: 24 June 2020 / Revised: 24 September 2020 / Accepted: 1 October 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Chinese materia medica processing is a distinguished and unique pharmaceutical technique in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), which has played an important role in reducing side effects, increasing medical potencies, altering the properties and even changing the curative effects of raw herbs. The efficacy improvement in medicinal plants is mainly caused by changes in the key substances through an optimized processing procedure. Thus, the use of a rapid method for determining suitable chemical markers between raw and processed TCM is critical in order to elucidate how the bioactive compounds influence the clinical effects. In this study, ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry combined with MS/MS-based molecular networking (MN) and a multivariate statistical analysis method is proposed for the first time. This combination was used to identify the complex chemical composition and clarify the changed constituents between raw and processed Cistanche tubulosa (C. tubulosa). The chemical analysis results demonstrated that a total of 85 compounds were identified in the crude and processed C. tubulosa. Moreover, 34 compounds were detected as chemical markers. This systematic research into chemical constituents and chemical markers of crude and processed C. tubulosa lays a solid foundation for further study of the quality control of C. tubulosa. Moreover, the study provides a new and valuable technical strategy for analyzing chemical components and identifying potential chemical markers for the processing of herbal medicines. Keywords Chinese materia medica processing . C. tubulosa . Chemical markers . MS/MS-based molecular networking . Multivariate statistical analysis Huibo Lei and Yuhao Zhang contributed equally to this work. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-020-02983-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Taofang Cheng [email protected] * Weidong Zhang [email protected] 1
Institute of Interdisciplinary Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cai-Lun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
2
School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
3
Guangyuyuan Chinese Medicine Co., Ltd., Taigu 030800, Shanxi, China
4
School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
Introduction To reduce side effects or enhance efficacy, medicinal herbs usually u
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