High-resolution chemical profiling and antiparasitic potential of the tropical shrub Dillenia suffruticosa
- PDF / 1,081,009 Bytes
- 9 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 53 Downloads / 156 Views
ORIGINAL ARTICLE Aquaculture
High‑resolution chemical profiling and antiparasitic potential of the tropical shrub Dillenia suffruticosa Muhammad Dawood Shah1 · Kazuki Tani2 · Balu Alagar Venmathi Maran1 · Yoong Soon Yong3 · Ching Fui Fui1 · Sitti Raehanah Muhamad Shaleh1 · Charles S. Vairappan2 Received: 13 May 2020 / Accepted: 28 July 2020 © Japanese Society of Fisheries Science 2020
Abstract The aquaculture industry is growing rapidly throughout the world, but due to intensification, fish hatcheries are often faced with infestations of parasites, which can lead to economic loss. Among these parasites, the leech Zeylanicobdella arugamensis (Hirudinea: Piscicolidae) has been reported to impact hybrid groupers and other hosts. The objective of this study was to test the antiparasitic potential of chromatographic fractions of a crude methanolic extract of the tropical shrub Dillenia suffruticosa. The phytochemical composition of the shrub was determined using high-resolution liquid chromatography (LC)–quadrupole time-of-flight (QTOF)–mass spectrometry (MS) to narrow down the metabolites responsible for its antiparasitic properties. Seven fractions of a methanolic extract of D. suffruticosa were obtained through flash column chromatography. Various concentrations of the fractions were prepared and tested against Z. arugamensis. In the bioassay conducted with fresh leeches, significant mortality was induced by fraction 6 at 31.66 ± 4.88 min, followed by fraction 5 (39.58 ± 2.94 min), fraction 3 (63.75 ± 6.61 min) and fraction 4 (65.25 ± 4.98 min). Chemical profiling using LC–QTOF–MS identified 17 secondary metabolites comprising triterpenoids, sterols, flavones, a glycoside, a non-flavone phenolid, a pyrrolizine, a fatty acid and a fatty amide. Thus, our study indicated that the D. suffruticosa fractions contained potent bioactive compounds with antiparasitic potential. Keywords Aquaculture · Anti-parasitic activity · Hybrid groupers · Zeylanicobdella arugamensis · Dillenia suffruticosa · Liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight–mass spectrometry · Secondary metabolites
Introduction Aquaculture plays a vital role in the supply of fish, which are an important source of protein in Malaysia (Othman et al. 2017). In 2016, the estimated production of fish for human
consumption in Malaysia was 1.99 million tonnes, which was valued at USD 3.45 billion (RM 13.18 billion) (Department of Fisheries 2016; Othman et al. 2017). In Malaysia, the main fish cultured in open water cages are groupers [hybrid grouper Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × Epinephelus
* Balu Alagar Venmathi Maran [email protected]
Charles S. Vairappan [email protected]
Muhammad Dawood Shah [email protected]
1
Kazuki Tani [email protected]
Borneo Marine Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, 88450 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
2
Laboratory of Natural Products Chemistry, Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, 88450 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
3
Xiamen University Malaysia
Data Loading...
