Continuous-variable measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution via quantum catalysis
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Continuous-variable measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution via quantum catalysis Wei Ye1
· Hai Zhong1 · Xiaodong Wu2 · Liyun Hu3 · Ying Guo1
Received: 15 November 2019 / Accepted: 2 September 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The continuous-variable measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (CV-MDI-QKD) is a promising candidate for the immunity to side-channel attacks, but unfortunately seems to face the limitation of transmission distance in contrast to discrete-variable (DV) counterpart. In this paper, we suggest a method of improving the performance of CV-MDI-QKD involving the achievable secret key rate and transmission distance by using zero-photon catalysis (ZPC), which is indeed a noiseless attenuation process. The numerical simulation results show that the transmission distance of ZPC-based CV-MDI-QKD under the extreme asymmetric case is better than that of the original protocol. Attractively, in contrast to the previous single-photon subtraction (SPS)-based CV-MDI-QKD, the proposed scheme enables a higher secret key rate and a longer transmission distance. In particular, the ZPC-based CV-MDIQKD can tolerate more imperfections of detectors than both the original protocol and the SPS-based CV-MDI-QKD. Keywords Quantum catalysis · Continuous-variable · Measurement-device-independent · Quantum key distribution
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Hai Zhong [email protected] Liyun Hu [email protected] Ying Guo [email protected]
1
School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
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School of Automation, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
3
Center for Quantum Science and Technology, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China 0123456789().: V,-vol
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1 Introduction Quantum key distribution (QKD) [1–7] is one of the most mature domains of quantum information processing, aiming to establish a shared key between two distance honest parties (Alice and Bob) over an insecure channel controlled by an eavesdropper (Eve), and its security can be ensured by quantum mechanics. A review of the latest developments in quantum cryptography can be found in [8]. In particular, the first theoretical Bennett–Brassard 1984 (BB84) protocol [9] was proposed, so that the discrete-variable (DV) QKD [9–11] has received increasing attention, and are even available on the commerce. It can perform outstandingly with respect to the transmission distance, but may suffer from the restriction of lower secret key rates due to the dependence of the single-photon generation and detection. In order to overcome this shortcoming, the continuous-variable (CV) QKD [12– 16] has emerged as a new solution to promise higher secret key rates with the help of the homodyne or heterodyne detection rather than photon counters, which make it more attractive from a practical viewpoint. Especially, the coherent-state Gaussian modulated CVQKD [12] has been rigorously proved to be secure against arbitrary colle
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