Controllable formation of periodic wrinkles in Marangoni-driven self-assembled graphene film for sensitive strain detect
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Published online 14 May 2020 | https://doi.org/10.1007/s40843-020-1314-1
Controllable formation of periodic wrinkles in Marangoni-driven self-assembled graphene film for sensitive strain detection 1†
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Yufei Jia , Wenjun Chen , Chen Ye , Rongliang Yang , Leilei Yang , Zian Zhang , Qingmei Hu , 1 1 1,3 2* 1* Binghao Liang , Bo-Ru Yang , Zikang Tang , Cheng-Te Lin and Xuchun Gui ABSTRACT Controllable formation of microstructures in the assembled graphene film could tune the physical properties and broaden its applications in flexible electronics. Many efforts have been made to control the formation of wrinkles and ripples in graphene films. However, the formation of orderly wrinkles in graphene film remains a challenge. Here, we reported a simple strategy for the fabrication of graphene film with periodic and parallel wrinkles with a pre-stretched polydimethylsiloxane substrate. The width of the wrinkles in graphene can be controlled by changing the pre-stretched strain of the substrate. The average width of wrinkles in graphene film on the substrate with pre-stretched strain of 10%, 20%, and 50% was about 3.68, 2.99 and 2.01 μm, respectively. The morphological evolution of wrinkled double-layered graphene under mechanical deformation was observed and studied. Furthermore, a strain sensor was constructed based on the wrinkled graphene, showing high sensitivity, large working range and excellent cyclic stability. These strain sensors show great potential in real-time motion detection, health surveillance and electronic skins. Keywords: wrinkled double-layered structure, solution-processed, assembled graphene film, Marangoni effect, strain sensor
INTRODUCTION Graphene is an ideal material to be applied in wearable and flexible sensors and detectors due to its outstanding electrical and mechanical properties [1–4]. Particularly, mechanical sensors based on large-area graphene films
have great application potential for integration in electronic devices, which could promote the development of the internet of things [5–9]. Chemical vapor deposition is a common method to synthesize large-area and highquality graphene films, but the high cost and complicated transfer procedures limit their scalable fabrication and massive applications [10–12]. Besides, liquid-phase exfoliation is a more effective and low-cost method to produce graphene derivative solutions [13]. These solutions can be used to assemble graphene films by the methods of spraying [14], spin coating [15], drop casting [16] and laser scribing [17] for the applications in wearable mechanical sensors. However, for these methods, special conditions such as expensive equipment and complicated process are usually required. On the contrary, a facile interfacial assembly method for the fabrication graphene films has been proposed in recent years. According to this approach, graphene nanosheets/ethanol solution was injected into deionized (DI) water to selfassemble large-size graphene film according to the Marangoni effect [18,19]. In addition, the ar
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