Controlled fabrication of orchid-like nitrogen-doped hierarchical porous carbon and hollow carbon nanospheres
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Controlled fabrication of orchid-like nitrogen-doped hierarchical porous carbon and hollow carbon nanospheres Lingling Xu1, Yajuan Zhao1, Changhao Zhao1, Tao Hu1, Jing Wang2,3, Yi Liu2,3,*, Yong Tian1,*, and Xiufang Wang1,* 1
Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China 2 School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan 528458, China 3 Guangdong Province Engineering Technology Center for Molecular Probes and Biomedical Imaging, Guangdong Cosmetics Engineering and Technology Research Center, Zhongshan 528458, China
Received: 26 June 2020
ABSTRACT
Accepted: 23 August 2020
Flower-like porous carbon has fascinated significant attention due to its outstanding and exceptional properties. However, controlled synthesis of porous carbon with adjustable morphology, highly active sites and cross-linked pore channels remains still a great challenge. Herein, an inimitable dissolution–reassembly anisotropic growth strategy was firstly demonstrated for the fabrication of idiographic orchid-like hierarchical porous carbon with ultra-thin multilayer carbon sheets, high specific surface area (1063 m2 g-1), large pore volume (0.82 cm3 g-1) and rich nitrogen content (7.6 wt%). Highly reactive phloroglucinol and EDA aggregated magically and SiO2 acted as a pore former. Ingeniously, acetone acted as a ‘‘surgical knife,’’ which cut the composite of SiO2@phloroglucinol–EDA into many tiny units and further anisotropic growth into orchid-like polymers. The width and thickness of the carbon petals can be effectively controlled with the diversification of acetone concentration. Intriguingly, monodisperse hollow carbon nanospheres could be harvested with silicon-deficient system, which may offer new insight into the construction of functionalized carbon materials with hollow architecture. Owing to the unmatched superstructures, orchid-like carbon materials can be employed as an ideal drug carrier and dye adsorbent.
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Springer Science+Business
Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Handling Editor: Annela M. Seddon.
Address correspondence to E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-020-05160-x
J Mater Sci
GRAPHIC ABSTRACT Figure Schematic illustration of solid carbon nanosphere, hollow carbon nanosphere and OHPC-25. For the first time, a novel dissolution–reassembly route based on strong hydrogen-bonding interaction was developed to prepare unique orchid-like hierarchical porous carbon, in which phloroglucinol acted as a carbon precursor and EDA both as a base catalyst and as a nitrogen precursor. The critical step to this synthetic approach was the ingeniously employed acetone as a ‘‘surgical knife’’ to cut the composite of SiO2@phloroglucinol–EDA into many tiny units, and these units were reassembled into orchid-like polymers. After adding acetone, the morphology of carbon materials has changed from solid nanosph
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