Carbon@NiCoO 2 -CoOOH Double-Shelled Hollow Burr Nanospheres as Anode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries
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https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-020-08600-1 Ó 2020 The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society
TOPICAL COLLECTION: CARBON-BASED MATERIALS FOR ENERGY STORAGE
Carbon@NiCoO2-CoOOH Double-Shelled Hollow Burr Nanospheres as Anode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries QIUHE YANG,1 YONGFENG YUAN
,2,3 and QIANG CHEN2
1.—Fair Friend Institute of Electromech, Hangzhou Vocational and Technical College, Hangzhou 310018, China. 2.—College of Machinery and Automation, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China. 3.—e-mail: [email protected]
With SiO2 spheres as the template and PPy as carbon precursor, a layer of amorphous carbon has been tightly coated on NiCoO2-CoOOH hollow burr nanospheres, forming a unique double-shelled hollow burr nanospheres structure. Carbon@NiCoO2-CoOOH presents a high discharge capacity (1334 mAh g1 at a current density of 100 mA g1), a stable cycling performance (912 mAh g1 at the 600th cycle at 200 mA g1), and a desirable rate capability when used as anode material for lithium-ion batteries. The outstanding electrochemical performance results from the synergy effect of the hollow burr nanosphere and the amorphous carbon shell. The hollow burr nanosphere endows NiCoO2 and CoOOH with a high electrochemical activity and a good accommodation capability to volume change. The amorphous carbon shell remarkably reinforces the structure stability and electronic conductivity of NiCoO2 and CoOOH. Key words: NiCoO2, carbon, lithium-ion batteries, anode
INTRODUCTION Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have been widely used in a variety of electric tools, portable devices and electronic vehicles as one of the most prospective electrochemical energy systems.1,2 Although at present graphite is the most common anode material of LIBs, its theoretical capacity is only 372 mAh g1 and its practical capacity decays rapidly during the repeatedly charge–discharge cycles. Numerous researchers have been making efforts to explore new advanced anode materials to displace traditional commercial graphite.3–5 Transition-metal oxides (TMOs) have attracted intensive interest owing to their high theoretical capacities.6–8 Among them, binary TMOs can better favor lithium ion storage due to their unique compositions, multiple valence states, abundant electrochemical reactions, and the synergistic effect of bimetal species.9,10 In
(Received August 29, 2020; accepted October 30, 2020)
these binary TMOs, the rock-salt-type NiCoO2 is considered as one of the most promising candidates. It is of environmental benignity and low cost.11,12 More importantly, its electronic conductivity and electrochemical activity are superior to spinel NiCo2O4 and the corresponding monometallic oxides (nickel oxides and cobaltous oxides).13,14 However, severe volume change and electrode pulverization, as well as low electronic conductivity and sluggish reaction kinetics, seriously limit practical applications of NiCoO2 in next-generation LIBs.15,16 So far, constructing nanostructured composites of NiCoO2 and various carbonaceous materials has been wid
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