Conversion of Natural and Associated Petroleum Gases in Cold Electron-Beam Plasma
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IED PHYSICS
Conversion of Natural and Associated Petroleum Gases in Cold Electron-Beam Plasma R. G. Sharafutdinova, V. O. Konstantinova, *, V. I. Fedoseeva, **, and V. G. Shchukina, *** a
Institute of Thermophysics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia *e-mail: [email protected] **e-mail: [email protected] ***e-mail: [email protected] Received February 16, 2017
Abstract—A device is developed to create cold nonequilibrium electron-beam plasma in a supersonic gas flow. The possibility of conversion of natural and associated petroleum gases into products with different chemical compositions by using this plasma is demonstrated. With the use of laboratory equipment, we find various products of oxidative and nonoxidative conversion. The proposed method is promising for industrial application. DOI: 10.1134/S1063780X18090143
INTRODUCTION The interaction of an accelerated electron beam with atoms and gas molecules leads to the ionization, dissociation, and excitation of gas particles and formation of an electron-beam plasma. Electron-beam plasma is widely used in scientific research and industry. In scientific practice, such plasma is actively used for the deposition of layers and surface treatment [1], polymer modification, surface hardening [2], cellulose treatment [3], conversion of natural gases into liquid and gaseous products [4], nanoparticle preparation [5], etc. In industry, one can single out the successful direction of using electron-beam plasma for the purification of flue gases [6–8] with the production of mineral fertilizers as final products. A relatively small number of industrial technologies using electron-beam plasma is explained by the complexity of scaling laboratory results to the industrially acceptable productivity. Therefore, the research aimed at creating economically viable industrial methods of conversion of natural and associated petroleum gases into products with high added value (synthesis gas, hydrogen, acetylene, ethylene, methanol, formaldehyde, etc.) is certainly very challenging. This is the aim of this work. INITIAL DATA To process natural or associated petroleum gas from small (so-called “off-balance”) deposits, it is necessary to create small-tonnage mobile minifactories of the modular type, which do not require huge capital investments. Requirements for low-tonnage
gas processing were formulated in [9]. One of the main requirements is the production of easily transportable facilities capable of operating directly at the site of gas production and not needing a branched infrastructure. The recoupment of the costs of creation and operation of such miniplants can be achieved only if the highest rates of chemical reactions are implemented, which are inaccessible for the traditional catalytic methods of hydrocarbon processing. The highest rates of chemical reactions in the plasma drastically reduces the reactor volume, but, at the same time, maintains a sufficiently high productivity of the process. In addition, according to the Arrhenius law,
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