Correlates of stigma for patients with cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
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REVIEW ARTICLE
Correlates of stigma for patients with cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis Zehao Huang 1 & Ting Yu 1 & Siyu Wu 2 & Ailing Hu 1 Received: 23 June 2020 / Accepted: 11 September 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Objective The systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to summarize the available evidence and identify the correlates of cancer stigma. Methods PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, and PsycINFO were electronically searched to identify eligible studies about correlates of stigma for patients with cancer. Two reviewers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias of included studies. A meta-analysis was performed using the statistical program R. Results Thirty-one studies involving a total of 7114 patients were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. The results of the meta-analysis showed that cancer stigma shared positive associations with male gender, symptoms, depression, anxiety, body image loss, self-blame, social constraint, intrusive thoughts, and ambivalence over emotional expression, and negative associations with income, NK cell subsets, QOL, self-esteem, self-efficacy, cancer screening attendance, doctor’s empathy, and medical satisfaction. The results of the descriptive analysis indicated that cancer stigma was positively associated with self-perception of aging, anger, internal attributions, stressful life events, self-perceived burden, and sleep dysfunction, while negatively associated with patient-provider communication and sleep quality. Conclusion Healthcare staff should pay attention to the identified correlates of cancer stigma. The results of our research can inform the design of interventions to reduce stigma and to improve clinical outcomes in people with cancer. Keywords Cancer . Stigma . Correlate . Systematic review . Meta-analysis
Introduction Cancer is expected to be the leading cause of death and the single most important obstacle to extending life expectancy all over the world in the twenty-first century. It was estimated that there would be 18.1 million new cases and 9.6 Zehao Huang and Ting Yu contributed equally to this work. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-020-05780-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Ailing Hu [email protected] 1
Nursing Department, Lingnan Branch of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 2693 Kaichuang Street, Huangpu District, Guangzhou, China
2
The Second Clinical Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
million cancer deaths worldwide in 2018 [1]. Facing a malignant disease is one of the biggest challenges and stresses for the patient and a starting point of a life crisis which causes biological and psychological problems. This can critically have an adverse impact on their overall quality of life and recovery [2–5]. Stigma is one of the psychosoci
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