Crocin promotes osteogenesis differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
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Crocin promotes osteogenesis differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells Borui Li 1,2 & Kairong Qin 3 & Benjie Wang 2 & Baoyi Liu 2 & Weiting Yu 2 & Zhigang Li 2 & Dewei Zhao 2 Received: 19 January 2020 / Accepted: 28 July 2020 / Editor: Tetsuji Okamoto # The Society for In Vitro Biology 2020
Abstract Crocin has plentiful pharmacological effects, but its role in osteogenesis differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) is unexplored. This study explored the effect of crocin on osteogenesis differentiation, in order to provide evidence for its clinical application. In cell experiments, human BMSCs (hBMSCs) were induced by osteogenesis differentiation medium or crocin. In animal experiments, steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (SANFH) rat models was established using lipopolysaccharide (LPS) plus methylprednisolone (MPS), and then treated with crocin. The osteogenesis differentiation capacity of hBMSCs was analyzed by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and alizarin red S staining. Histopathological changes in rat femoral head tissues were observed by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. The expression levels of RUNX2, COL1A1, OCN, and GSK-3β in hBMSCs and rat femoral head tissues were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) or western blot (WB) analysis. ALP and alizarin red S staining demonstrated that LAP activity and calcium nodules were increased in hBMSCs treated with crocin. From H&E staining results, femoral head tissues of SANFH models showed typical osteonecrosis, which could be ameliorated by crocin. WB and qRT-PCR assays detected that the expression levels of RUNX2, COL1A1, and OCN in hBMSCs and femoral head tissues of models were obviously increased after crocin treatment, while GSK3β phosphorylation was reduced. In general, the action of crocin was concentration-dependent. Crocin might be beneficial to the recovery of SANFH through accelerating osteogenesis differentiation of BMSCs, which might be a novel therapy for related diseases. Keywords Crocin . Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells . Steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head . Osteogenesis differentiation . Phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase-3β
Introduction Steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (SANFH) is a serious complication caused by long-term treatment with high-dose corticosteroids, such as systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple myeloma, and other inflammatory and autoimmune diseases (Wang et al. 2018a). With the progress of the disease, the lesions gradually involved
* Dewei Zhao [email protected] 1
School of Biomedical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
2
Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, No. 6, Jiefang Street, Dalian 116001, Liaoning Province, China
3
School of Instrumentation Science and Opto-electronics Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
myeloid joint and myeloid white, and then developed into femoral head collapse and my
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