Current Approaches for the Non-surgical Management of Peri-implant Diseases
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PERI-IMPLANTITIS (I DARBY, SECTION EDITOR)
Current Approaches for the Non-surgical Management of Peri-implant Diseases Andrea Roccuzzo 1,2 & Siro Pietro De Ry 1 & Anton Sculean 1 & Mario Roccuzzo 3,4,5 & Giovanni Edoardo Salvi 1
# The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Purpose of the Review Peri-implant diseases are inflammatory reactions to bacterial infections affecting osseointegrated dental implants. In recent years, scientific interest on this topic has increased, as demonstrated by the appearance of a large number of protocols for treating peri-implant mucositis (PIM) and peri-implantitis (PI). The aim of the present narrative review is to provide an overview of the recent (e.g., 2014–present) published protocols for the non-surgical treatment of peri-implant diseases. Recent Findings Several adjunctive measures for mechanical debridement have been proposed and investigated to achieve implant surface decontamination and resolution of mucosal inflammation. However, none of the adjunctive measures has been shown to significantly improve peri-implant conditions compared with non-surgical mechanical debridement alone. Summary Non-surgical approaches for the treatment of peri-implant diseases have been proved to be reliable in reducing clinical signs of peri-implant inflammation (e.g., BoP), although with limited capability to achieve complete disease resolution. Due to the limited benefits from the use of currently proposed adjunctive methods (e.g., chlorhexidine, lasers, photodynamic therapy, systemic probiotics) their application is not recommended until further investigations prove their clinical utility. Keywords Titanium . Dental implants . Peri-implant disease . Peri-implant mucositis . Peri-implantitis . Inflammation . Crestal bone loss
Introduction The quality and reliability of implant supported oral rehabilitations of partially and totally edentulous patients have been radically increased during recent decades and feature high long-term implant survival and success rates [1, 2]. Andrea Roccuzzo and Siro Pietro De Ry contributed equally to this work. This article is part of the Topical Collection on Peri-implantitis * Andrea Roccuzzo [email protected] 1
As reported at the World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions, periimplant health was defined at the clinical level by the absence of signs of soft tissue inflammation (e.g., BoP and suppuration) [3••]. Unfortunately, peri-implant diseases, namely, periimplant mucositis and peri-implantitis, occur. Over the years, several definitions have been applied to define peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis [4, 5]. More recently, at the 2017 World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions, peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis definitions were adopted as follows [6••, 7••, 8••]:
Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland
Peri-implant Mucositis
2
Department of Oral and Maxi
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