Cytogenetic characterization, nuclear genome size, and pollen morphology of some Hedysarum L. taxa (Fabaceae) from Alger
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Cytogenetic characterization, nuclear genome size, and pollen morphology of some Hedysarum L. taxa (Fabaceae) from Algeria, with emphasis on the origin of H. perrauderianum Coss. & Durieu Hayet Benhizia . Yacine Benhizia . Radhia Djeghar Sonja Siljak-Yakovlev . Nadra Khalfallah
. Fatima Pustahija
.
Received: 29 May 2020 / Accepted: 1 September 2020 Ó Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Four spontaneous diploid taxa (2n = 2x = 16 chromosomes) of the genus Hedysarum L. were studied for the first time using molecular cytogenetic approach and a tetraploid one as an additional comparative control. This study follows the work undertaken on this genus as part of the preservation and valorization of fodder and pastoral phytogenetic resources in Algeria. Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) results revealed the same number of 35S rDNA loci for all diploid taxa, but differences in the number and position of 5S ribosomal genes. Chromomycin fluorochrome banding displayed that all chromomycin positive bands (GC-rich heterochromatin) were colocalized with rDNA signals. 2C H. Benhizia (&) R. Djeghar N. Khalfallah Laboratoire de Ge´ne´tique, Biochimie et Biotechnologies Ve´ge´tales, Faculte´ des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Universite´ Fre`res Mentouri-Constantine 1, Constantine, Alge´rie e-mail: [email protected] Y. Benhizia Laboratoire de Biologie Mole´culaire et Cellulaire, Faculte´ des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Universite´ Fre`res Mentouri-Constantine 1, Constantine, Alge´rie F. Pustahija Faculty of Forestry, University of Sarajevo, Zagrebacˇka 20, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina S. Siljak-Yakovlev CNRS, AgroParisTech, Ecologie Syste´matique Evolution, Universite´ Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay, France
DNA values (genome size), estimated by flow cytometry, indicated greater than two-fold difference among diploid taxa where nuclear DNA amount ranged from 2C = 1.26 pg in H. carnosum Desf. to 2C = 3.36 pg in H. naudinianum Coss. Genome size of tetraploid H. perrauderianum Coss. & Durieu (2n = 4x = 32) also estimated for the first time, was 6.64 pg which is almost twice of the value of diploid H. naudinianum 2C = 3.36 pg. Palynological analysis by light microscopy shows two types of pollen grains: prolate and tricolpate for H. naudinianum and H. perrauderianum, subprolate and tricolporate for H. carnosum, H. spinosissimum subsp. capitatum (Desf.) Asch. & Gr. and H. pallidum Desf. These new data enrich the knowledge about relationships among these species and also allow proposing and discussing the possible origin of the tetraploid H. perrauderianum from the diploid H. naudinianum. Keywords FISH G-C rich heterochromatin distribution Karyotype feature Nuclear DNA content Pollen morphology 5S and 35S rDNA pattern
Introduction The genus Hedysarum L., distributed in the Northern Hemisphere, belongs to the tribe Hedysareae of the
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Genet Resour Crop Evol
family Fabaceae and comprises c. 170 species according to Wielgor
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