Pollen morphology and variability of the Rosa L. species of Western Himalaya in India
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Pollen morphology and variability of the Rosa L. species of Western Himalaya in India Kanwaljeet Singh . Yash Pal Sharma . P. R. Sharma . Sumeet Gairola
Received: 22 January 2020 / Accepted: 15 June 2020 Ó Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract The present study aimed to understand the pollen morphological variation among and within the Rosa L. species of Western Himalaya, India, and to investigate whether the pollen characters may help to distinguish these species of roses. The pollen morphology of nine Rosa species viz. R. canina L., R. centifolia L., R. damascena Mill., R. foetida var. persiana (Lem.) Rehder, R. moschata Herrm, R. multiflora Thunb, R. nanothamnus Boulenger, R. webbiana Wall. ex Royle, and R. macrophylla Lindl were studied. A total of 31 accessions of roses were collected from Jammu and Kashmir, Ladakh, and Himachal Pradesh. Ten quantitative characters, i.e., length of the polar axis (P), length of equatorial axis (E), exine thickness (Ex), length of colpi (LeC), width of striae (Sr), width of groove (Gr), number of striae (Ns), Polar area index (PAI) and P/E ratio were studied. The measurements and observations were carried out with both light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Pollen grains of all the studied species were tricolporate. Prolate and subprolate shapes were the dominant pollen shape types. The K. Singh P. R. Sharma S. Gairola (&) Plant Science Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir 180 001, India e-mail: [email protected] K. Singh Y. P. Sharma Department of Botany, University of Jammu, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India
highest and lowest polar axis length was observed for R. canina (32.73 lm) and R. moschata (25.42 lm), respectively. The average colpi length in the studied species was 22.19 lm, with R. macrophylla having a minimum length of 13.42 lm and R. canina with a maximum length of 34.03 lm. Results of the principal component analysis indicated that the principal component (PC1) attributed 42.10% of the total variation, and positively associated with P, E, LeC, and Ns. Exine ornamentation almost distinguished all the species of Rosa in this study. Keywords Roses Pollen Tricolporate P/E ratio Exine ornamentation Interspecific variability
Introduction The genus Rosa L. comprises about 200 species distributed globally (Wissemann 2003), although in different studies depending on the taxonomic approach embraced, the number of species reported may vary up to 250 (Hutchinson 1964; Nilsson 1997; Henker 2000; Kalkman 2004). Most of the Rosa species are distributed in the subtropical and temperate habitats of the Northern hemisphere (Gu and Robertson 2003). Asia harbors the majority of the wild rose species (Broertjes and van Harten 1978). Eleven Rosa species grow wild in India (Chopra and Singh 2013),
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Genet Resour Crop Evol
out of which ten Rosa species are found in the Indian Himalayan region (Kaul et al. 1999) between an altit
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