Cytokinin (6-benzylaminopurine) elevates lignification and the expression of genes involved in lignin biosynthesis of ca
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Cytokinin (6-benzylaminopurine) elevates lignification and the expression of genes involved in lignin biosynthesis of carrot Ahmed Khadr 1,2 & Ya-Hui Wang 1 & Rong-Rong Zhang 1 & Xin-Rui Wang 1 & Zhi-Sheng Xu 1 & Ai-Sheng Xiong 1 Received: 11 March 2020 / Accepted: 16 June 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Austria, part of Springer Nature 2020Carrot is a root crop consumed worldwide and has great nutritional qualities.
It is considered as one of the ten most important vegetable crops. Cytokinins are an essential class of the plant hormones that regulate many processes of plant growth. Till now, the effects of cytokinin, BAP, on lignin biosynthesis and related gene expression profiles in carrot taproot is unclear. In order to investigate the effect of applied BAP on lignin-related gene expression profiles, lignin accumulation, anatomical structures, and morphological characters in carrot taproots. Carrot roots were treated with different concentrations of BAP (0, 10, 20, and 30 mg L−1). The results showed that the application of BAP significantly increased plant length, shoot fresh weight, root fresh weight, and taproot diameter. In addition, BAP at 20 mg L−1 or 30 mg L−1 enhanced the average number of petioles. BAP treatment led to increased number and width of xylem vessels. The parenchyma cell numbers of pith were significantly induced in taproots treated with the BAP at a concentration of 30 mg L−1. BAP significantly upregulated most of the expression levels of lignin biosynthesis genes, caused elevated lignin accumulation in carrot taproots. Our results indicate that BAP may play important roles in growth development and lignification in carrot taproots. Our results provide a valuable database for more studies, which may focus on the regulation of root lignification via controlling cytokinin levels in carrot taproots. Keywords Cytokinin . 6-benzylaminopurine . Lignification . Biosynthesis . Growth . Daucus carota L
Abbreviations 4CL BAP C3’H C4H CAD CCoAOMT CCR COMT DW F5H
4-Coumarate-CoA ligase 6-Benzylaminopurine p-Coumaroyl shikimate/quinate 3-hydroxylase Cinnamate 4-hydroxylase Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase Caffeoyl-CoA O-methyltransferase Cinnamoyl-CoA reductase Caffeic acid O-methyltransferase Dry weight Ferulate 5-hydroxylase
Handling Editor: Handling Editor: Peter Nick * Ai-Sheng Xiong [email protected] 1
State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in East China, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
2
Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22516, Egypt
HCT LAC PAL PER RT-qPCR
Hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA shikimate/quinate Laccase Phenylalanine ammonia lyase Peroxidase Real-time quantitative PCR
Introduction Carrot (Daucus carota L.), is a root vegetable crop of family Apiaceae, one of the most important vegetable crops based on the global p
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