Deadbeat predictive direct power control of interleaved buck converter-based fast battery chargers for electric vehicles
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Deadbeat predictive direct power control of interleaved buck converter‑based fast battery chargers for electric vehicles Hye‑Won Choi1 · Seok‑Min Kim1 · Jinwoo Kim2 · Younghoon Cho2 · Kyo‑Beum Lee1 Received: 2 March 2020 / Revised: 22 May 2020 / Accepted: 27 May 2020 © The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2020
Abstract This paper presents a deadbeat predictive direct power control (DB-DPC) scheme for a fast battery charger to improve its dynamic performance and stability. Recently, battery chargers have been adopting paralleled multi-leg converters based on silicon carbide (SiC) devices to increase power capacity, which reduces the charging duration. However, the inherent instability of the battery is regarded as a crucial issue during the fast charging process. Therefore, the proposed DB-DPC provides a stable steady state since it includes real-time estimation of the variable battery impedance. Furthermore, the DB-DPC effectively minimizes the rising and settling time, which demonstrates fast-dynamic response characteristics when compared to proportional–integral (PI) control. The control performance is verified by various simulation and experimental results. Keywords Deadbeat predictive control · Direct power control · Multi-leg interleaved converter · Fast power tracking control · Electric vehicle charger
1 Introduction Parallel multi-leg converters have been widely used in power conversion systems that require high-power capacity and high efficiency such as power factor compensation devices, uninterruptible power systems, and more recently fast battery chargers for electric vehicles (EVs) [1–5]. Figure 1 shows a buck converter with four parallel legs for fast battery chargers. All four of the legs consist of the same components including metal-oxide-semiconductor fieldeffect transistors (MOSFETs), diodes, and filter reactors. All of the legs conduct their switching operations at the same switching frequency. There are two types of power semiconductor devices: the discrete type and packaged module type. The packaged module-type devices are designed with multiple switching devices or an integrated circuit topology in a package. For example, there is a six-pack module that includes three halfbridge legs or a buck converter module that includes one * Kyo‑Beum Lee [email protected] 1
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
2
MOSFET and one diode. Generally, module-type power devices provide high-power capability and easy installation due to their packaged structures. However, the price of module-type devices is higher than that of discrete-type devices. Discrete-type devices are usually used in power converters that require a small volume and a low cost. In addition, the parallel connection of discrete type devices is cost-efficient when it comes to the design of high-power converters. Moreover, paralleled multi-leg converters can be operated as an interleav
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