Defense Response in Chickpea Pod Wall due to Simulated Herbivory Unfolds Differential Proteome Profile
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Defense Response in Chickpea Pod Wall due to Simulated Herbivory Unfolds Differential Proteome Profile Mamta Bhattacharjee1,3 · Santanu Dhar1 · Pratap Jyoti Handique3 · Sumita Acharjee1,2 · Bidyut Kumar Sarmah1,2
© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The pod wall of legumes is known to protect the developing seeds from pests and pathogens. However, the mechanism of conferring defense against insects has not yet been deciphered. Here, we have utilized 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2D-GE) coupled with mass spectrometry (MS/MS) to identify over expressed proteins in the pod wall of two different cultivars (commercial cultivar: JG 11 and tolerant cultivar: ICC 506-EB) of chickpea after 12 h of application of Helicoverpa armigera oral secretions (simulated herbivory). The assays were performed with a view that larvae are a voracious feeder and cause substantial damage to the pod within 12 h. A total of 600 reproducible protein spots were detected on gels, and the comparative analysis helped identify 35 (12 up-regulated, 23 down-regulated) and 20 (10 up-regulated, 10 down-regulated) differentially expressed proteins in JG 11 and ICC 506-EB, respectively. Functional classification of protein spots of each cultivar after MS/MS indicated that the differentially expressed proteins were associated with various metabolic activities. Also, stress-related proteins such as mannitol dehydrogenase (MADH), disease resistance-like protein-CSA1, serine/threonine kinase (D6PKL2), endoglucanase-19 etc. were up-regulated due to simulated herbivory. The proteins identified with a possible role in defense were further analyzed using the STRING database to advance our knowledge on their interacting partners. It decoded the involvement of several reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavengers and other proteins involved in cell wall reinforcement. The biochemical analysis also confirmed the active role of ROS scavengers during simulated herbivory. Thus, our study provides valuable new insights on chickpea-H.armigera interactions at the protein level. Keywords Chickpea · Helicoverpa armigera · MS/MS · 2D-GE · STRING
1 Introduction
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10930-020-09899-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Sumita Acharjee [email protected] * Bidyut Kumar Sarmah [email protected] 1
Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat 785013, India
2
Office of the ICAR-National Professor (Norman Borlaug Chair) and DBT-AAU Centre, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat 785013, India
3
Department of Biotechnology, Gauhati University, Guwahati 781014, India
Plants are challenged by various biotic and abiotic constraints to which they retaliate by several defensive strategies [1, 2]. These protective approaches to offset the effect of an attack can be broadly categorized into direct and indirect defense approaches which include the induction
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