Exploration of the antioxidative defense system to characterize chickpea genotypes showing differential response towards
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Exploration of the antioxidative defense system to characterize chickpea genotypes showing differential response towards water deficit conditions Kamaljit Kaur • Narinder Kaur • Anil K. Gupta Inderjit Singh
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Received: 6 September 2012 / Accepted: 11 December 2012 / Published online: 23 December 2012 Ó Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2012
Abstract The present investigation was carried out to characterize genotypic variability in chickpea for water deficit tolerance by exploring the antioxidative defense system and seedling growth. Twenty nine chickpea genotypes including cultivars and advanced lines were grown under control and water deficit conditions induced by adding 3 % mannitol. The genotypes showed differential response in seedling growth under water deficit conditions. The activities of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were observed to be differentially expressed in the roots of various genotypes, under control and water deficit conditions. The contents of H2O2, malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline were also observed to be variable in the roots of all the genotypes, under control and water deficit conditions. Stress tolerance index for the various parameters, viz, CAT and SOD activity, H2O2, MDA and proline content, root length, shoot length and their biomass was determined and the level of stress resistance calculated. The genotypes which showed increased activities of CAT and SOD, decreased contents of H2O2 and MDA together with least affected seedling growth under water deficit conditions exhibited higher stress resistance capacity. Multivariate principal component analysis for all the parameters affected under water deficit conditions, grouped the genotypes into three clusters having different (high, moderate and low) levels of stress resistance. Complete linkage clustering grouped these genotypes into two major K. Kaur N. Kaur (&) A. K. Gupta Department of Biochemistry, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, India e-mail: [email protected] I. Singh Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, India
clusters-I and II. The genotypes present in sub–sub cluster ‘A1’ and sub cluster ‘B’ of major cluster-I have been observed to possess high stress resistance levels for respective parameters. It can thus be concluded that chickpea genotypes exhibiting increased stress resistance levels in relation to SOD and CAT activities, H2O2 and MDA contents and seedling growth would have higher stress tolerance under water deficit conditions. Keywords Chickpea Catalase Superoxide dismutase Hydrogen peroxide Malondialdehyde Proline
Introduction Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is one of the world’s most important leguminous food crops, cultivated in an area of nearly 10 million ha, across the world and accounts for about 15 % (9.3 million tons) of the total pulse production (Food and Agriculture Organization 2007). However, its production is limited by several abiotic factors, of which, drought plays a major role.
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