Delineating the Groundwater Potential Zone in Tirunelveli Taluk, South Tamil Nadu, India, Using Remote Sensing, Geograph
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Delineating the Groundwater Potential Zone in Tirunelveli Taluk, South Tamil Nadu, India, Using Remote Sensing, Geographical Information System (GIS) and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) Techniques Kirubakaran Muniraj1
•
Colins Johnny Jesudhas2
•
Ashokraj Chinnasamy1
Received: 2 September 2016 / Revised: 27 April 2018 / Accepted: 5 April 2019 The National Academy of Sciences, India 2019
Abstract The water present in the subsurface is considered as a high treasured water source. The present study deals with the delineation of groundwater potential zone in Tirunelveli Taluk, Tamil Nadu, South India. The study area lies between longitude 77320 1600 to 77480 800 E and latitude 8400 1200 to 8560 3400 N with an area of 558.42 km2. The groundwater potential zone of the Tirunelveli Taluk was inferred by the following layers, namely geology, geomorphology, lineament density, drainage density, rainfall, slope, soil and land use/land cover. These layers are digitized with the scale of 1:50,000 in GIS environment from the spatial data sources such as SOI topographic maps, GSI geology map, LANDSAT 8 satellite image, SRTM DEM, Tamil Nadu Agricultural Department daily rainfall data and available existing maps. The weights of the feature layers and ranking of each feature classes arrive from the pairwise comparison techniques of AHP technique. The prepared thematic maps are reclassified based on the influence of the layers feature classes on the groundwater availability. Finally, the reclassified layers are overlaid using weighted overlay tool to prepare groundwater prospect map. The finally this study resulted that 5.76 km2 of the study area is identified as very high groundwater
& Kirubakaran Muniraj [email protected] Colins Johnny Jesudhas [email protected] Ashokraj Chinnasamy [email protected] 1
Dharmapuri, Tamilnadu, India
2
Department of Civil Engineering, University VOC College of Engineering, Tuticorin, Tamilnadu, India
potential. The high potential area covers 382.9 km2, and medium potential zone covers 169.72 km2. Keywords GIS AHP LANDSAT 8 OLI/TIRS SRTM DEM
1 Introduction Groundwater is a highly valuable water resource of finite extent. It shares the considerable role in human life and their water requirements because it acts as an important fresh water source in many parts of the world. The socioeconomic development of any region relies on the fresh and quality of water available in the area [1]. The groundwater sources are replenished by the infiltration process of precipitated water. In the world scenario, the exploitable fresh water resources are about 11% of groundwater, 1% of surface water remaining as in the form of glacier and unexploitable groundwater. The over-extraction of groundwater resource and inadequate aquifer recharge are the major cause of groundwater depletion in different parts of the world [2]. In India, around 839 administration blocks are categorized as an over-exploited blocks out of 5723 [3]. More than 90% of the rural population and 30% of
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