Assessment of Groundwater Potential in the Kalahandi District of Odisha (India) Using Remote Sensing, Geographic Informa
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Assessment of Groundwater Potential in the Kalahandi District of Odisha (India) Using Remote Sensing, Geographic Information System and Analytical Hierarchy Process G. Thabile1 • D. M. Das1 • S. K. Raul1
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C. R. Subudhi1 • B. Panigrahi1
Received: 27 August 2019 / Accepted: 22 September 2020 Ó Indian Society of Remote Sensing 2020
Abstract Groundwater has become the ultimate source for domestic consumption of many urban and rural populations in the world due to unavailability of sufficient good-quality surface water. Because of high spatiotemporal variation in occurrence and distribution of this diminishing resource, understanding its nature is important for sustainable development and use. Geospatial technology has made this tedious task simpler by offering a new avenue for groundwater potential zoning. The present study was attempted to identify groundwater potential zones in the Kalahandi district of Odisha with the application of remote sensing, geographic information system and analytical hierarchy process (AHP). Various features such as geomorphology, land use/land cover, soil, land slope, drainage and lineament density and dynamic groundwater were assigned weights according to the Saaty’s scale by considering their influences on groundwater potential. The weights were then normalized using AHP and eigenvector technique. ArcGIS 10.6.1 was used to integrate all the features for developing the groundwater potential map of the district. The area was demarcated into five groundwater prospect zones, namely ‘very good’, ‘good’, ‘moderate’, ‘poor’ and ‘very poor’ covering 19, 6, 34, 28 and 13% of the district, respectively. Thus, it can be inferred that there is ample scope of groundwater development as 59% of the area comes under moderate to very good groundwater zones. On the other hand, suitable strategies can be devised for groundwater augmentation in poor to very poor zones. This study will be useful in formulating suitable strategies for the management of groundwater resources of the district. Keywords Analytical hierarchy process Geographic information system Groundwater potential Remote sensing Thematic layers
Introduction Groundwater is undoubtedly a precious resource, particularly in the semiarid and arid regions and the areas where there is limited availability of surface water. The global water demand has significantly increased over years, Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s12524-020-01188-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. & S. K. Raul [email protected] 1
Department of Soil and Water Conservation Engineering, College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar 751003, India
mainly due to growing industrialization, rise in population and changing life style and consumption patterns. This dramatic increase is expected to continue over the foreseeable future with the outright scarcity (Siva et al. 2017). Ground
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