Depression, Purpose in Life, Loneliness and Anxiety Among Patients with Substance Use Disorders in Ankaful Psychiatric H
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Depression, Purpose in Life, Loneliness and Anxiety Among Patients with Substance Use Disorders in Ankaful Psychiatric Hospital in Ghana Anthony K. Nkyi
. Jerry Paul K. Ninnoni
Received: 25 February 2020 / Accepted: 12 August 2020 Ó Springer Nature India Private Limited 2020
Abstract Substance use disorders are prevalent worldwide and may lead to a wide range of physical, psychological and emotional health problems in Ghana. There has been an increase in the use of illicit drugs in the past decade. The present study examined the relationships among depression, purpose in life (PIL), loneliness and anxiety with patients diagnosed with substance use disorders (SUDs) in Ankaful Psychiatric Hospital in Ghana. This descriptive and correlational design was conducted among 200 patients using socio-demographic data, Beck Depression Inventory-II, PIL, Revised University of California Los Angeles Loneliness Scale (R-UCLA) and beck anxiety inventory. Data were collected from April 15 to May 30, 2019 and were analyzed using spearman partial correlations, one-way ANOVA, Kruskal–Wallis ANOVA and hierarchical regression. A total of 192 participants completed the survey instruments. The results revealed that purpose in life had a significant negative relationship with depression and anxiety.
A. K. Nkyi (&) Department of Guidance and Counselling, Faculty of Educational Foundations, College of Education Studies, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana e-mail: [email protected] J. P. K. Ninnoni Department of Mental Health Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana e-mail: [email protected]
Depression had a significant direct correlation with anxiety. For loneliness, there was no difference between gender, but a significant finding was found among marital status. For all other dependent variables, purpose in life, depression and anxiety, there were no statistically significant findings. Purpose in life is the only predictor of depression of participants. These findings indicate that patients diagnosed with SUDs have additional psychological and mental health concerns. While treating SUD, mental health professionals should identify and manage those problems too. This may help better management plan for patients with SUD. Keywords Substance use disorder Depression Anxiety Purpose in life Loneliness
Introduction Substance use disorders (SUDs), according to DSMV, refer to a problematic pattern of use of alcohol or another substance causing clinically significant impairment in daily life or noticeable distress [1]. It is characterized by patterns of escalated and sustained drug intake, loss of control over drug intake, and drug craving [1]. Substance use disorders establishes only when drug use opportunities evolve into a maladaptive pattern of drug taking and seeking [2, 3]. These
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J. Psychosoc. Rehabil. Ment. Health
disorders are prevalent worldwide and may lead to a wide range of physical, psychological and
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