Design and Analysis of Hybrid Composite Leaf Spring for Automotive Applications: An Extensive Study
The main objective of any automobile industry is to improve the behaviour of the vehicle which means improving vehicular stability (vibrational characteristics) during motion or in rest condition which in turn affects the safety of passengers. A good susp
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Abstract The main objective of any automobile industry is to improve the behaviour of the vehicle which means improving vehicular stability (vibrational characteristics) during motion or in rest condition which in turn affects the safety of passengers. A good suspension system largely influences the behaviour of a vehicle. Leaf spring holds great importance in suspension system as it carries the vertical loads and absorbs vibrations produced. This review is basically done to emphasize on the different composite materials (natural/synthetic/hybrid) used while fabricating leaf spring as most of the automobile companies are looking for lightweight material apart from conventional steel. Other aspects like savings in weight, increase in strength and the overall cost incurred were taken into consideration. An in-depth focus is also provided to the design and analysis aspect. Keywords Leaf spring · Composite · Synthetic fibres · Natural fibres · Hybrid composites
1 Introduction Currently, there is a major challenge among different automobile sectors in reducing the weight of vehicles by conserving natural resources and economic use of energy. In order to achieve target, they are focusing on replacing the existing material with new, advanced and lightweight materials. In the present scenario, there is an inevitable demand for composite materials. It incorporates many significant applications apart from its extensive properties like high strength, stiffness, good wear, corrosion resistance, low density and high fracture toughness [1]. As suspension system is the only S. Nayak (B) · I. Panigrahi School of Mechanical Engineering, KIIT Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, India e-mail: [email protected] R. K. Nayak Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology (MANIT), Bhopal, India e-mail: [email protected] © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2020 A. Praveen Kumar et al. (eds.), Advances in Lightweight Materials and Structures, Springer Proceedings in Materials 8, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7827-4_12
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component in the vehicle accounting for (10–20%) of the unsprung weight [2], it needs a replacement with a lighter one. Leaf spring was originally known as carriage spring, laminated spring, semielliptical spring or cart spring. It came to use at around later 1700s in the carriages in England and is by far one of the oldest form of springing. The main purpose of a leaf spring is to provide a smoother ride and to provide support to the vehicle. The leaf spring helps in absorbing vertical vibrations as well as impacts which occur due to potholes and roughness in roads and sudden impact loads occurring due to travelling of wheel over the bumps. With the deflection of spring, the stored potential energy which is in the form of strain energy is thereafter gradually released. It carries braking torque, driving torque, lateral loads, etc. in addition to shock absorption. It also provides stability to the tires and cont
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