Design Computing and Cognition '14
This book details the state-of-the-art of research and development in design computing and design cognition. It features more than 35 papers that were presented at the Sixth International Conference on Design Computing and Cognition, DCC’14, held at Unive
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esign Computing and Cognition '14
Design Computing and Cognition '14
John S. Gero • Sean Hanna Editors
Design Computing and Cognition '14
Editors John S. Gero Department of Computer Science and School of Architecture University of North Carolina Charlotte, NC, USA
Sean Hanna Bartlett School of Architecture University College London London, UK
ISBN 978-3-319-14955-4 ISBN 978-3-319-14956-1 DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-14956-1
(eBook)
Library of Congress Control Number: 2015932650 Springer Cham Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper Springer International Publishing AG Switzerland is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Preface
Research develops new knowledge, but design has to act. In science, as in the humanities, we have the luxury of holding our theories as tentative, admitting they will eventually be superseded by new evidence or argument. But design decisions must always be made even though our knowledge of the situation is always incomplete, as design problems are by nature ill-defined, unique, and ‘wicked’. Since it also deals in propositions rather than explanations, design itself is at risk of being misunderstood in the context of traditional academic research; yet it is the crucial activity that puts into practice the research and knowledge gained across the arts, humanities, sciences and social sciences. This deep cross-disciplinarity is what makes a conference like Design Computing and Cognition so valuable, as it brings together those who study human cognition and those who model it with a machine, those who try to understand what designers do and those who help them to do it better. The activity of design has always been with us. It features in the earliest surviving literature we have: the Epic of Gilgamesh, for example, features 4,000 year old design commentary on cities and a flood-proof ark, and the Instructions o
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