Design Computing and Cognition '16

This book gathers the peer-reviewed and revised versions of papers from the Seventh International Conference on Design Computing and Cognition (DCC'16), held at Northwestern University, Evanston (Chicago), USA, from 27–29 June 2016. The material presented

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Design Computing and Cognition '16

Design Computing and Cognition ’16

John S. Gero Editor

Design Computing and Cognition ’16

123

Editor John S. Gero Department of Computer Science and School of Architecture University of North Carolina at Charlotte Charlotte, NC USA

ISBN 978-3-319-44988-3 DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-44989-0

ISBN 978-3-319-44989-0

(eBook)

Library of Congress Control Number: 2016950234 © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2017 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper This Springer imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer International Publishing AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland

Preface

Artificial intelligence, which developed as a formal discipline in the 1960s and 1970s, started to find its way into other disciplines in the 1980s. It appeared to offer a more approachable basis that mathematical modeling to model and understand designing. By the mid-1980s, the early workshops on artificial intelligence in design with published proceedings were run (e.g., Gero, JS (ed) (1985) Knowledge Engineering in Computer-Aided Design, North Holland, Amsterdam). We decided to inaugurate a formal conference series called The International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Design (AID), and the first conference was held in Edinburgh in 1991 (Gero, JS (ed) (1991) Artificial Intelligence in Design’91, Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford). This first conference was followed by further biennial conferences culminating in the seventh conference in the series (Gero, JS (ed.) (2002) Artificial Intelligence in Design’02, Kluwer, Dordrecht). Closely following and in parallel with the development of artificial intelligence, the new field of cognitive science was developing. Cognitive science research was already finding its way into the AID conference, when we decided to rename the conference series as The International Conference on Design Computing and Cognition i