Design, fabrication, and characterization of polycaprolactone (PCL)-TiO 2 -collagenase nanofiber mesh scaffolds by Force
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Research Letter
Design, fabrication, and characterization of polycaprolactone (PCL)-TiO2collagenase nanofiber mesh scaffolds by Forcespinning K. del Ángel-Sánchez, N.A. Ulloa-Castillo, Emmanuel Segura-Cárdenas, Oscar Martinez-Romero, and Alex Elías-Zuñiga, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Avenida Eugenio Garza Sada #2501 Sur, Monterrey, Nuevo León 64849, México Address all correspondence to K. del Ángel-Sánchez at [email protected] (Received 24 July 2018; accepted 17 January 2019)
Abstract We report on the design of polycaprolactone (PCL)-TiO2-collagenase mesh scaffolds by Forcespinning technique. The dependence of the degree of crystallinity in PCL caused by the incorporation of dopants (TiO2-collagenase) and the reduction of dimensionality (1D), during the nanofiber formation, were investigated by x-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry. The tensile strength of the mesh scaffolds (randomly oriented) was determined using uniaxial testing equipment. The permeability was measured by contact angle obtaining an improvement in the hydrophobicity for the PCL-TiO2-collagenase mesh scaffolds. The results reported in this research are of great relevance for tissue engineering applications.
Introduction The use of biomaterials to design cellular mesh scaffolds with the ability to mimic the tissue properties have been investigated in the last years. In this matter, the scaffolds must be capable to restore and repair the damaged tissue, it being achieved when the scaffold establishes a regenerative microenvironment in the damaged area, creating the favorable conditions for adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation of cells.[1–3] Therefore, it is of great relevance to find new methods capable of producing nanofibers (NFs) with the objective to promote successful culture and cell growth. Forcespinning is a technique which uses centrifugal forces to produce NFs from polymeric solutions and its configuration can produce large quantities of NFs. Electrospinning is the most used technique to produce NFs,[4,5] but the Forcespinning technique allows the production of NFs from non-conductive polymeric solutions including biopolymer as Poly-Lactic Acid,[6] Polyvinyl Alcohol[7] and Polycaprolactone (PCL)[8]; which are the ideal materials (accepted by the FDA) for cellular and muscle tissue regeneration.[9–13] Specifically, PCL is a polymer with a good biocompatibility, slow degradability and good thermal stability that are desirable attributes for tissue engineering applications.[14,15] The use of TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) as a dopant in a PCL polymeric matrix is of relevance due to the fact that TiO2 NPs possess an inert property and its behavior as an inhibitor of the microorganisms proliferation is ideal for biologic applications.[15,16] On the other hand, the use of a material capable of removing devitalized dead tissue (caused by burns, ulcers, scars or transplants) in a short period of time and capable of growth and cell culture is relevant for tissue engineering. The collagenase
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