Detection of Cells Containing Internalized Multidomain Magnetic Iron (II, III) Oxide Nanoparticles Using the Magnetic Re
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MATERIALS IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
Detection of Cells Containing Internalized Multidomain Magnetic Iron (II, III) Oxide Nanoparticles Using the Magnetic Resonance Imaging Method N. I. Enukashvilya,b,*, I. E. Kotkasb, D. S. Bogolyubova, A. V. Kotovaa,b, I. O. Bogolyubovaa, V. V. Bagaevab,c, K. A. Levchukb, I. I. Maslennikovab, D. A. Ivolginb,c, A. Yu. Artamonove, N. V. Marchenkod, and I. V. Mindukshevf a
Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 194064 Russia Mechnikov Northwestern State Medical University, St. Petersburg, 195067 Russia c Pokrovsky Stem Cell Bank, St. Petersburg, 199106 Russia d Research Institute of Childhood Infections, St. Petersburg, 197022 Russia e Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, 197376 Russia f Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, St. Petersburg, 194223 Russia *e-mail: [email protected] b
Received December 15, 2019; revised December 15, 2019; accepted February 17, 2020
Abstract—This study evaluated the feasibility of using uncoated iron (II, III) oxide nanoparticles (IONP) obtained by electric explosion of wire in air for labelling living mesenchymal stromal cells and their subsequent visualization by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using the 1T and 1.5T clinical MRI scanners. The uptake of uncoated IONP by MSC was demonstrated for the wide range of IONP concentration in the cell culture medium. The cells did not change their proliferative activity, viability, and the set of surface markers. Iron oxide nanoparticles obtained by an electric explosion of wire in an atmosphere of air had a shape close to spherical. According to dynamic lateral light scattering, laser diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy, the particle size varied from 14 to 136 nm. Particles up to 136 nm accounted for 75%, while particles less than 36 nm accounted for 10%. A wide range of particle sizes made it possible to select MRI parameters suitable for labelled cells detection in animal tissues in both the T2 and the T1 relaxation mode. DOI: 10.1134/S1063784220090145
INTRODUCTION Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) give rise to different cell populations constituting the mesenchymal stroma of all organs and tissues of human organism. MSCs are considered as the main source of material for cell technologies in regenerative medicine. The kinetics of distribution of the cells introduced into the organism is a key issue. Without confirmation of the presence of cells at the injection site or in another target site the therapeutic effect of cell preparations cannot be considered proven, since their effect is based on paracrine mechanisms. The development of a method for intravital labeling of cells is required to study the kinetics of advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMP) in the organisms of large animals and human. The use of a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) method for visualization of transplanted cells is considered promising. The use of MRI requires the development of a method for intravital labeling of cells with contrast agents [
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