Determination of alkali and alkaline earth elements in radioactive waste generated from reprocessing plant by liquid ele
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Determination of alkali and alkaline earth elements in radioactive waste generated from reprocessing plant by liquid electrode plasma optical emission spectrometry Masahiko Yamamoto1 · Van‑Khoai Do1 · Shigeo Taguchi1 · Takehiko Kuno1 · Yuzuru Takamura2 Received: 8 September 2020 / Accepted: 4 November 2020 © Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, Hungary 2020
Abstract A simple, practical, and reliable analytical method with liquid electrode plasma optical emission spectrometry (LEP-OES) is developed for determination of Na, K, Ca, Sr, and Ba in radioactive waste. Appropriate emission lines for quantification and interferences from co-existing elements have been investigated. Nitric acid concentration in standards and analyte solution is adjusted to 0.80 mol/L because it affects the emission intensities. The spike and recovery tests using actual sample indicate that sample matrix effect is negligible for those measurements. The obtained data by LEP-OES has matched with data from ORIGEN code and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry within 10% difference. Consequently, the method is successfully applied to real radioactive wastes from reprocessing plant. Keywords Liquid electrode plasma optical emission spectrometry (LEP-OES) · Radioactive waste · Elemental analysis · Spent nuclear fuel reprocessing plant · Determination · Nuclear fuel cycle
Introduction Radioactive wastes are generated from nuclear fuel cycle operation such as reprocessing of spent nuclear fuel (SNF). The radioactive material concentrations vary widely, depending on where the waste is generated from [1]. Highly-active liquid waste (HLW), which is the remaining solution after separation of U and Pu from SNF by Plutonium Uranium Redox EXtraction (PUREX) process, generally contains more than 99% of the fission products such as cesium (Cs), technetium (Tc), strontium (Sr) and barium (Ba), impurities from the fuel cladding and traces of plutonium (Pu), uranium Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-020-07490-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Masahiko Yamamoto [email protected] 1
Nuclear Fuel Cycle Engineering Laboratories, TRP Decommissioning Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 4‑33 Muramatsu, Tokai, Naka‑gun, Ibaraki 319‑1194, Japan
School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1‑1 Asahi‑dai, Nomi, Ishikawa 923‑1211, Japan
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(U) and transuranic element like neptunium (Np) [2]. Since the high radiation of HLW due to the fission products, it requires shielded cell during sample treatment. Low-active liquid waste (LLW) does not require shielding for treatment and transportation because of its relatively low radiation. The main components of LLW are alkali and alkaline earth elements such as sodium (Na), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), and the other from reagents additives in reprocessing process, decontamination effluents, and the chemicals used for analytical purposes. Therefore, the
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