Determination of radial pressure distribution on the wall of the press channel of a novel biomass single die pelletiser
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ORIGINAL
Determination of radial pressure distribution on the wall of the press channel of a novel biomass single die pelletiser Quyen V. Trinh1,2 · Sándor Nagy3 · József Faitli3 · Barnabás Csőke3 Received: 19 November 2019 © The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Pressure is an important process parameter that greatly influences the density of biomass pellets. The positive number of Poisson’s ratio of biomasses makes pelletising possible in ring die and flat die types of pelletisers, because as a consequence of the longitudinal direction of load, the material strains into the radial direction. The radial strain is obstructed by the channel wall and therefore radial pressure and wall friction occur, which supports (backs) the compression of the further sequentially loaded biomass. A novel test device consisting of a single pelletising unit and a novel sensor, a back pressure measurement disc was developed and calibrated. Pelletising experiments were carried out with a flat die pelletising machine and with the single pelletiser unit with ground post agglomerated (GPA)-spelt chaff (chaff of triticum spelta) samples. The body density and radial pressure values in different pelletising unit segments were measured. The equations introduced for dimensionless relative density and for radial pressure as a function of the relative position equations fit the measured data well. Abbreviations GPA Spelt chaff: ground post agglomerated (GPA)spelt chaff (chaff of triticum spelta) POM Polyoxymethylene BPMD Back pressure measurement disc
1 Introduction The use of biomass as fuel is a good option for domestic heating systems and power plants to reduce net CO2 emissions. Pelletising is currently one of the most frequently used methods for producing agglomerates, using either a ring die or a flat die pelletiser. This process can increase bulk density, reduces storage and transportation costs and makes handling of the biomass easier. Different types of biomasses from various sources can act as raw materials for fuel pellet production. The composition and structural properties of these * József Faitli ejtfaitj@uni‑miskolc.hu 1
Institute of Institute of Theoretical and Applied Research, Duy Tan University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
2
Faculty of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Duy Tan University, Dang Nang 550000, Vietnam
3
Institute of Raw Material Preparation and Environmental Processing, University of Miskolc, Miskolc‑Egyetemváros 3515, Hungary
materials are diverse. Different types of biomass require different processing conditions, including press channel length, moisture content, particle size and temperature. Nowadays, process optimization is still mainly based on expensive and time-consuming “trial and error” experiments and personal experience (Holm et al. 2011). The globally installed pellet production capacity for 2011 was estimated to be about 30 million tonnes. All studies indicate a growth forecast for both the European and North American pellet markets. The Finnish Pöyry Industry consulting company has pre
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