Development and characterization of 23 microsatellite loci for scaled quail ( Callipepla squamata )
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MICROSATELLITE LETTERS
Development and characterization of 23 microsatellite loci for scaled quail (Callipepla squamata) Jeremy P. Orange • Craig A. Davis • Ronald A. Van Den Bussche Samuel D. Fuhlendorf • R. Dwayne Elmore • Eric T. Thacker • Megan E. Judkins
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Received: 17 May 2014 / Accepted: 2 June 2014 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2014
Abstract The scaled quail (Callipepla squamata) is a common but declining game bird found throughout large portions of the arid southwest region of the United States. Range-wide population declines have been linked to long term drought and land use changes and have led to a resurgance in research investigating various aspects of scaled quail ecology. In order to facilitate future research on scaled quail, we have developed and characterized 23 polymorphic microsatellite loci. Among 16 individuals from populations located throughout scaled quail range, the number of alleles per locus ranged from 3 to 14 with an average of 7. Polymorphic information content ranged from 0.210 to 0.899 with an average of 0.654, indicating that these loci have high applicability for future scaled quail genetic studies. Keywords Galliformes Microsatellites Primer Quail Scaled quail Scaled quail (Callipepla squamata) are a common species across much of the arid southwest of the United States and are an economically and culturally important game bird species. Throughout their range, scaled quail have J. P. Orange (&) C. A. Davis S. D. Fuhlendorf R. D. Elmore Department of Natural Resource Ecology and Management, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA e-mail: [email protected] R. A. Van Den Bussche M. E. Judkins Department of Zoology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA E. T. Thacker Wildland Resources Department, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA
experienced significant population declines. Breeding bird survey data estimates that populations have declined at an average of 3.1 % annually between 1966 and 2012 (Sauer et al. 2014). While this species has the ability to rebound quickly following drought years, extensive land use change and long term droughts have led to consistent and long term population declines. It is likely that future climate change will lead to further population declines or range shifts for this species. To facilitate our ability to answer numerous questions related to conservation, paternity, and brood dynamics of scaled quail we developed microsatellite loci for this species. Hunter collected wings were submitted from four broadly scattered populations across scaled quail range. These sites included locations in Oklahoma (n = 3), Texas (n = 3), Colorado (n = 6), and Arizona (n = 4). DNA was extracted from wing tissue using the Gentra Puregene Tissue Kit by Qiagen. Microsatellite libraries were generated by Genetic Identification Services (GIS; www.geneticid-services) using genomic DNA taken from one C. squamata collected in Beaver County Oklahoma. From these libraries, 35 primer sets were initially
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