Development and Validation of a GC-MS/MS Method for cis- and trans- Resveratrol Determination: Application to Portuguese
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Development and Validation of a GC-MS/MS Method for cis- and trans-Resveratrol Determination: Application to Portuguese Wines Sílvia Rocha 1 & Ana Margarida Araújo 2 & Agostinho Almeida 1 & Paula Guedes de Pinho 2 & Eduarda Fernandes 1 Received: 23 October 2018 / Accepted: 14 March 2019 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2019
Abstract Resveratrol is a naturally occurring phytoalexin produced by the Vitis vinifera L. plant. It exists as two isomers (cis and trans), both present in wines. This work describes the development and validation of a GC-MS/MS analytical procedure for their determination in wines, which include five steps for sample preparation: pre-treatment, SPE extraction, acetyl derivatization, liquid/liquid extraction, and sample concentration. The developed GC-MS/MS method showed to be linear, with coefficients of determination higher than 0.99 for both isomers, and sensible in the range from 1.0 to 2000.0 μg/L for cis-resveratrol and 5.0 to 2000.0 μg/L for transresveratrol. Intra- and inter-day precision evaluation resulted in coefficient of variation values (CV) lower than 15%. The validated methodology was then applied in the determination of resveratrol in 33 red wines (from 8 Portuguese Protected Geographical Indications). For cis-resveratrol the content ranged from 45.8 to 2439.5 μg/L, while for trans-resveratrol it ranged from 45.8 to 2385.0 μg/L. No statistically significant differences were found between the studied regions. Keywords Wine . Portuguese wine . Resveratrol . GC-MS/MS . Analytical method . Validation
Introduction Wine has a very complex composition, and it has been proved that, when consumed in moderate amounts, it has beneficial effects in human health. Polyphenols, due to its biological properties, are the main compounds related to the wine consumption health benefits (Paixão et al. 2008). Resveratrol (3,4′,5-trihydroxystilbene), the stilbene with the simplest molecular structure, is a naturally occurring phytoalexin produced by the Vitis vinifera L. plant in response to biotic stress, such as a fungal infection. It has been identified as the main active biological compound of the stilbene phytoalexin family in wine (Goldberg et al. 1995; Jeandet et al. 1991, 1995) and has been extensively studied due to its beneficial effects on human health, such as cardiovascular protection and heart disease risk * Eduarda Fernandes [email protected] 1
LAQV, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira no. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
2
UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
reduction (Bertelli and Das 2009; Renaud and de Lorgeril 1992), as well as its anticancer, anti-inflammatory (Aggarwal and Shishodia 2005; Athar et al. 2007), antioxidant and antibacterial activities (Paulo et al. 2010). Resveratrol has two isomers, cis and trans, and even though both are p
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