Development of behavioral parameters and ERPs in a novel-target visual detection paradigm in children, adolescents and y
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RESEARCH
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Development of behavioral parameters and ERPs in a novel-target visual detection paradigm in children, adolescents and young adults María Ángeles Rojas-Benjumea, Ana María Sauqué-Poggio, Catarina I. Barriga-Paulino, Elena I. Rodríguez-Martínez and Carlos M. Gómez*
Abstract Background: The present study analyzes the development of ERPs related to the process of selecting targets based on their novelty. Methods: One hundred and sixty-seven subjects from 6 to 26 years old were recorded with 30 electrodes during a visual target novelty paradigm. Results: Behavioral results showed good performance in children that improved with age: a decrease in RTs and errors and an increase in the d′ sensitivity parameter with age were obtained. In addition, the C response bias parameter evolved from a conservative to a neutral bias with age. Fronto-polar Selection Positivity (FSP) was statistically significant in all the age groups when standards and targets were compared. There was a statistically significant difference in the posterior Selection Negativity (SN) between the target and standard conditions in all age groups. The P3a component obtained was statistically significant in the emergent adult (18–21 years) and young adult (22–26 years) groups. The modulation of the P3b component by novel targets was statistically significant in all the age groups, but it decreased in amplitude with age. Peak latencies of the FSP and P3b components decreased with age. Conclusions: The results reveal differences in the ERP indexes for the cognitive evaluation of the stimuli presented, depending on the age of the subjects. The ability of the target condition to induce the modulation of the studied components would depend on the posterior-anterior gradient of cortex maturation and on the gradient of maturation of the low to higher order association areas. Keywords: Frontal Selection Positivity, Selection Negativity, P3a, P3b, Slow Wave, Development, Children
Introduction The selection of a stimulus as a target is a complex process that involves a certain number of cognitive operations indexed by several Event Related Potential (ERP) components. The present report explores how the different ERPs related to the selection for action of novel stimuli develop with age. This process has been extensively studied during selection based on a certain feature, color, line orientation, etc. The selection of targets based on non-spatial features, such as color or shape, induces a negative ERP: * Correspondence: [email protected] Human Psychobiology Laboratory, Experimental Psychology Department, University of Seville, Sevilla, Spain
The so-called Selection Negativity (SN), which begins between 140 and 180 ms post-stimulus and persists for another 200 ms or more [1]. SN reflects the selection of visual stimuli at an early level of information processing [2]. It has been proposed that the representation of the selected feature must be active in order to permit the matching between the selected feature and the stimulus containing it. This
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