Development of China Light-Duty Vehicle Test Cycle
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ght © 2020 KSAE/ 11717 pISSN 12299138/ eISSN 19763832
DEVELOPMENT OF CHINA LIGHT-DUTY VEHICLE TEST CYCLE Yu Liu*, Zhi Xin Wu, Hua Zhou, Han Zheng Nan Yu, Xiao Pan An, Jing Yuan Li and Meng Liang Li Traffic Energy and Environment Department, China Automotive Technology and Research Center Co., Ltd., 68 Xianfeng Road, Dongli District, Tianjin 300300, China (Received 28 October 2019; Revised 29 December 2019; Accepted 30 December 2019) ABSTRACTDriving cycles provide a basis for vehicle development and calibration and also serves as the foundation for energy consumption and emissions certification of vehicles. This paper presents the China Light-Duty Vehicle Test Cycle (CLTC) developed by the China Automotive Technology & Research Center (CATARC). First, the important steps and technical routes toward the CLTC development process are summarized. Second, the specific CLTC development process is presented in detail, including the data acquisition and data analysis procedures, weighting factor development and driving cycle construction. Then, the main driving characteristics of the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC), the Worldwide Harmonized Light-Duty Vehicles Test Cycle (WLTC), the Federal Test Procedure (FTP-75), the CLTC and the actual collected data are compared. The CLTC has low average speed, a high idle speed ratio and more frequent acceleration and deceleration characteristics. Finally, 70 vehicles are tested based on the NEDC, WLTC, and CLTC according to their legislative procedures in the vehicle emission laboratories of the CATARC and the manufacturers. The results show that the CLTC’s fuel consumption is much higher than that of the NEDC and WLTC, and CLTC can effectively reflect the actual fuel consumption of users. KEY WORDS : China light-duty vehicle test cycle, Fuel consumption, Type approval
NOMENCLATURE
SFTP : supplemental federal test procedures T : time duration of the speed phase : average idle segment duration Tid : average short trip duration Tst UDCs : urban driving cycles UN-ECE : United Nations Economic Commission for Europe : value of the speed-acceleration distribution Vj : value of the unified velocity-acceleration Wj distribution WHDC : world harmonized heavy-duty cycle WLTC : worldwide harmonized light-duty driving test cycle
AT : automatic transmission AMT : automated manual transmission CATARC : China automotive technology and research center CATC : China automotive test cycle CLTC : China light-duty vehicle test cycle CVT : continuously variable transmission DCT : dual clutch transmission EUDC : extra urban driving cycle EV : electric vehicle FTP-75 : federal test procedure GDP : gross domestic product GIS : geographic information system GPRS : general packet radio service GPS : global positioning system GRPE : working party on pollution and energy transport program MIIT : Ministry of Industry and Information Technology MT : manual transmission NEDC : New European Driving Cycle OBD : on-board diagnostics p : chi-square value PHEV : plug-in hybrid EV RPA : relative positive accelerat
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