Development of Improved Crosslinking Monomers for Molecularly Imprinted Materials
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Development of Improved Crosslinking Monomers for Molecularly Imprinted Materials. David A. Spivak and Martha Sibrian-Vazquez Department of Chemistry Louisiana State University Baton Rouge, LA 70803
ABSTRACT Molecular imprinting involves the self-assembled complexation of a substrate to functional monomers to form a pre-polymer complex which is "locked-in" to place by copolymerization with an excess of crosslinking monomer. Removal of the template leaves binding or catalytic sites that are complementary in size, shape, and functionality to the template. Most of the research in molecularly imprinted materials has focused on choice of substrate or functional monomer of the pre-polymer complex. The cross-linking monomers have primarily been EGDMA or DVB, which are commercially available. Redirecting focus on the design of crosslinking monomers for molecular imprinting, we have developed new classes of crosslinked polymers to optimize the performance of molecularly imprinted polymers. The design of the new crosslinking monomers has followed two strategies: (1) development of new crosslinked materials for formation of the supporting matrix, and (2) development of crosslinking monomers that simultaneously serve as the functional monomer. The details of the design, synthesis, polymerization and performance of these new crosslinking monomers for molecularly imprinted polymers will be reported.
INTRODUCTION Currently, cross-linking monomers for molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have primarily been EGDMA or DVB, which are commercially available.1-2 One benefit of using these monomers is that they are inexpensive and readily available in large quantities. This is important for applications that would require large amounts of material such as industrial catalytic reactors or separations on the industrial scale. However, many future applications of imprinted polymers are envisioned in the fields of microfabricated sensors and microseparations that will only require small amounts of material. Therefore, economic price considerations of the imprinting materials is less of a concern. Instead, materials with the best performance possible are the target for microfabricated and nanofabricated devices. Most of the research in molecularly imprinted materials has focused on choice of substrate or functional monomer of the pre-polymer complex. However, approximately 80-90% of the imprinted polymers are composed of the crosslinking monomer, with the remaining 10-20% comprised of functional monomer. The large percentage of crosslinking monomer materials in imprinted polymers affords the possibility of a commensurate improvement in polymer properties. Redirecting focus on the design of crosslinking monomers for molecular imprinting, we have developed new classes of crosslinked polymers to optimize the performance of molecularly imprinted polymers.
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