Development of multilayered biomimetic bone plates: In vitro release assessment
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(NANO)MATERIALS FOR BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS
Development of multilayered biomimetic bone plates: In vitro release assessment R. Seda Tığlı Aydın1,a)
Seda Uyanık2
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Bülent Ecevit University, I_ncivez-Zonguldak 67100, Turkey; and Department of Nanotechnology Engineering, Bülent Ecevit University, I_ncivez-Zonguldak 67100, Turkey 2 Department of Nanotechnology Engineering, Bülent Ecevit University, I_ncivez-Zonguldak 67100, Turkey a) Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: [email protected], [email protected] 1
Received: 5 September 2018; accepted: 7 November 2018
In this study, Sr-incorporated nano-assembled hydroxyapatite structures (HASr) on 316L stainless steel bone plates were prepared by a biomimetic method induced by 10 simulated body fluid (SBF). First, HASr was coated on bone plates by the interaction of ions with 10 SBF containing different concentration of strontium ions. Then, silver coating is achieved as a second layer on bone plates. The cumulative release of strontium ions (Sr21) and silver ions (Ag1) from multilayered HASr-Ag bone plates at the end of 15 days was in the range of 0.016–0.085 mM and 0.064–0.135 mM, respectively. The release mechanism for the bone plates was evaluated by several mathematical models that best fit the release data. The results showed that Sr21 and Ag1 are released from multilayered bone plates by diffusion, whereas the release of Ag1 is not occurred by diffusion, instead the mechanism is dissolution, when silver is coated alone on bone plates.
Introduction Metallic implants (i.e., bone plates, screws, and Kirschner wire) have been widely used in orthopedic fields due to their significant mechanical properties and biocompatibility [1, 2]. However, bone bonding or osteoconductivity is still challenging for most clinical cases since the material-dependent factors (i.e., chemical bonding associated with structure of the material) play an important role in the tissue response [3, 4]. Thus, to overcome the failure at bone and implant interface, coating of bioactive ceramics on metallic implants is suggested by a variety of techniques, including plasma spraying, sol–gel, electrophoretic deposition, laser ablation, hydrothermal, and biomimetic methods [5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]. Among all these methods, biomimetic coating method is quite simple and cheap and has a low processing temperature with the ease of coating complex shapes [5]. In recent years, several studies reported that simulated body fluids (SBFs), a solution with ion concentrations and pH value similar to those of human plasma, provide a calcium-deficient (not stoichiometric) apatite layer grown on the surface of the implant [5, 7, 11, 12]. It is well known that biomimetic method produces hydroxyapatite (HA) coatings from SBF by precipitation of CaP at room temperature, which
ª Materials Research Society 2019
has been proven to enhance the cell proliferation and differentiation [13, 14]. Thus, the biomimetic layer coated implants are expected to develop bone bonding
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