Development of wood polymer composites with thermosetting resin from soybean oil cross-linked with rosin derivative
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Development of wood polymer composites with thermosetting resin from soybean oil cross‑linked with rosin derivative Moon Mandal1 · Pritam Bardhan2 · Manabendra Mandal2 · Tarun K. Maji1 Received: 19 September 2019 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Wood polymer composites (WPCs) were prepared via compression molding technique using wood flour and methacrylic anhydride modified epoxidized soybean oil (MAESO) copolymerized with triallyl maleopimarate (TMPA). Various percentages of TMPA were incorporated into the composite system to compare the properties of the final WPCs. TMPA was synthesized from rosin acid and the chemical structure was characterized by 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The interaction between wood flour, MAESO and TMPA were revealed by FTIR and scanning electron microscope (SEM) study. Results demonstrated that TMPA was effective in enhancing the mechanical and thermal properties of the composites. Flame retardancy, biodegradability, chemical resistance, and dimensional stability significantly improved after the incorporation of TMPA into the composites. Wood polymer composites loaded with 30 wt% of TMPA exhibited maximum improvement in properties compared to other systems.
1 Introduction In recent years, there has been a rapid increase in the application of wood polymer composites (WPCs) due to its advantageous properties for different construction purposes and outdoor applications (Olakanmi and Strydom 2016; Ashori and Nourbakhsh 2010). They consist of reinforcing wood fibers incorporated into a continuous polymer matrix. Polymer matrix transmits externally applied loads through the interfacial shear stresses to the reinforcing wood fibers and protects the fibers from external damage whereas the reinforcing fibers impart strength and stiffness to the composites (Saba et al. 2016). Numerous studies are underway on the preparation and application of WPCs due to their superior features such as ease of processing, high mechanical strength and cost reduction. They have various advantages such as low cost, low density, good thermal and mechanical resistance, degradable characteristics and environment friendliness (Ghorbani et al. 2017; Mohanty et al. 2002; Bajwa et al. 2016). Other factors such as low maintenance and * Tarun K. Maji [email protected] 1
Department of Chemical Sciences, Tezpur University, Assam 784028, India
Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Assam 784028, India
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color stability have also contributed to the market growth of WPCs. The use of WPCs is growing in many sectors such as automobiles, furniture, packing and construction. WPCs generally exhibit remarkable improvement in properties of wood like low moisture absorption, dimensional stability, mechanical properties and high resistance to UV ray damage, insects etc. (Azwa et al. 2013; Delgado-Aguilar et al. 2017; Domínguez-Robles et al. 2018). Plant oils are one of the cheapest ren
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