Differences between CMIP6 and CMIP5 Models in Simulating Climate over China and the East Asian Monsoon
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• Original Paper •
Differences between CMIP6 and CMIP5 Models in Simulating Climate over China and the East Asian Monsoon Dabang JIANG*1,2,3, Dan HU1,3, Zhiping TIAN1,2, and Xianmei LANG1,2 1Institute 2CAS
of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Beijing 100101, China 3University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
(Received 10 February 2020; revised 20 May 2020; accepted 9 June 2020) ABSTRACT We compare the ability of coupled global climate models from the phases 5 and 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5 and CMIP6, respectively) in simulating the temperature and precipitation climatology and interannual variability over China for the period 1961–2005 and the climatological East Asian monsoon for the period 1979–2005. All 92 models are able to simulate the geographical distribution of the above variables reasonably well. Compared with earlier CMIP5 models, current CMIP6 models have nationally weaker cold biases, a similar nationwide overestimation of precipitation and a weaker underestimation of the southeast–northwest precipitation gradient, a comparable overestimation of the spatial variability of the interannual variability, and a similar underestimation of the strength of winter monsoon over northern Asia. Pairwise comparison indicates that models have improved from CMIP5 to CMIP6 for climatological temperature and precipitation and winter monsoon but display little improvement for the interannual temperature and precipitation variability and summer monsoon. The ability of models relates to their horizontal resolutions in certain aspects. Both the multi-model arithmetic mean and median display similar skills and outperform most of the individual models in all considered aspects. Key words: global climate models, climatology, interannual variability, model performance, China, East Asia Citation: Jiang, D. B., D. Hu, Z. P. Tian, and X. M. Lang, 2020: Differences between CMIP6 and CMIP5 models in simulating climate over China and the East Asian monsoon. Adv. Atmos. Sci., https://doi.org/10.1007/s00376-020-2034-y. (in press) Article Highlights:
• CMIP6 models have overall weaker cold biases over China than earlier CMIP5 models. • CMIP6 models overestimate the precipitation but underestimate its southeast–northwest gradient over China, but less so than CMIP5 models.
• CMIP6 models outperform CMIP5 ones for climatological temperature and precipitation in China and East Asian winter monsoon.
• The ability of models relates to their horizontal resolutions in certain aspects.
1. Introduction Global climate models (GCMs) are the most important tool available for simulating climate, for investigating the response of climate to various forcings, and for making predictions and projections of future climate (Flato et al., 2013). They are built on the laws of physics, fluid dynamics, chemistry, and biology. Despite the broad application of GCMs in simulating the past, presen
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