Different retinopathy phenotypes in type 2 diabetes predict retinopathy progression
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Different retinopathy phenotypes in type 2 diabetes predict retinopathy progression Inês P. Marques1 · Maria H. Madeira1,2 · Ana L. Messias3 · António C.‑V. Martinho1 · Torcato Santos1 · David C. Sousa4,5,6 · João Figueira1,2,6 · José Cunha‑Vaz1,2 Received: 27 May 2020 / Accepted: 3 September 2020 © The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Purpose To characterize the progression in retinopathy severity of different phenotypes of mild nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) in patients with type 2 diabetes. Design and methods Patients with type 2 diabetes and mild NPDR (ETDRS 20 or 35) were followed in a 5-year longitudinal study. Examinations, including color fundus photography (CFP) and optical coherence tomography (OCT and OCTA), were performed at baseline, 6 months and then annually. Phenotype classification was performed based on microaneurysm turnover (MAT, on CFP) and central retinal thickness (CRT, on OCT). Phenotype A is characterized by low MAT (
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